epidemiologyЭпидемиология и ВакцинопрофилактикаEpidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention2073-30462619-0494«Numicom» LLC10.31631/2073-3046-2020-19-3-4-20epidemiology-1025Research ArticleПРОБЛЕМНАЯ СТАТЬЯPROBLEM-SOLVING ARTICLEКоронавирус SARS-Cov-2: сложности патогенеза, поиски вакцин и будущие пандемииThe Coronavirus SARS-Cov-2: the Complexity of Infection Pathogenesis, the Search of Vaccines and Possible Future PandemicsХарченкоЕ. П.KharchenkoE. P.

Харченко Евгений Петрович - доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Института эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И. М. Сеченова, РАН.

194223, Санкт-Петербург, пр. Тореза, 44.

+7 (904) 338-22-80.

Eugene P. Kharchenko - Dr. Sci. (Biol.), leader researcher of I. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy Sciences.

194223, St. Petersburg, Toreza pr., 44.

+7 (904) 338-22-80.

neuro.children@mail.ruИнститут эволюционной физиологиии и биохимии им. И.М. Сеченова РАНРоссияSechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and BiochemistryRussian Federation202014072020193420Copyright © Харченко Е.П., 20202020Харченко Е.П.Kharchenko E.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1025

Актуальность. Вакцина против коронавируса SARS-Cov-2 рассматривается как наиболее перспективное средство для укрощения вызванной им нынешней пандемии и воспрепятствования возникновению новой. В числе трудностей создания вакцин выбор иммунодоминантных антигенов, обеспечивающих их эффективность и безвредность. Цель исследования - показать полезность применения концепции пептидного континуума родства белков (ПКРБ) для понимания сложности патогенеза Covid-19, поиска вакцин против Covid-19 и обсудить возможную природу будущих пандемий. Материалы и методы. Для выявления компьютерным анализом пептидного (иммуноэпитопного) родства S, M и N белков SARS-Cov-2 с белками человека и других вирусов был выполнен поиск гомологичных последовательностей. Источниками первичных последовательностей белков служили доступные в Интернете базы данных. Результаты. S-белку свойственно пептидное (иммуноэпитопное) родство со многими белками человека, локализующимися на поверхности клеток или циркулирующими в крови, и вирусов. Образование антител к SARS-Cov-2, перекрестно реагирующих с гомологичными последовательностями в белках человека, может отягощать течение Covid-19. Присутствие таких гомологичных последовательностей в вакцине против Covid-19 связано с риском развития аутоиммунных осложнений и гетерологичного иммунитета. Вывод. Концепция пептидного континуума родства белков (ПКРБ) представляется полезной в поисках иммунных эпитопов для вакцин против Covid-19 и позволяет спрогнозировать возможные риски, связанные с их применением. По-видимому, в будущем коронавирусные вспышки и пандемии будут чаще, чем пандемии гриппа.

Relevance. The vaccine against the SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus is considered as the most promising approach to curb (tame) a current pandemic and prevent new one. Among difficulties in vaccine creating is a right choice of immunodominant antigens providing the effectiveness and safety of vaccines. Aim is to show the usefulness of application of the global immune epitope continuum protein relationship concept in the search of vaccines against SARS-Cov-2 and discuss the possible nature of future pandemics. Materials and method. For the computer analysis of peptide (immune epitope) relationship amongst the SARS-Cov-2 structural proteins, human proteins and proteins of other viruses, the search of homologous sequences was made. All protein sequences sequences were used from databases available on the INTERNET. Results. In the SARS-Cov-2 structural proteins, especially in S-protein, there are a large number of peptide sequences homologous to human and viral proteins that may be the cause of autoimmune complications and/or heterologous immunity. Conclusion: The concept of the global immune epitope continuum of protein relationship is of value in the search of immune epitopes for the vaccines against SARS-Cov-2 and allows us to predict the possible risks in vaccines. The coronavirus breaks and pandemics may be more often than the influenza pandemics.

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