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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2020-19-3-89-94</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-1036</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микробиологические и эпидемиологические особенности микобактериозов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microbiological and Epidemiological Features of Mycobacteriosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петров Илья Владимирович - доцент в Марийском государственном университете; ассистент в Казанском государственном медицинском университете.</p><p>Йошкар-Ола; Казань.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilia V. Petrov - Associate Professor at Mari State University, Assistant Professor at Kazan State Medical University.</p><p>Yoshkar-Ola; Kazan.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амирова</surname><given-names>Т. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amirova</surname><given-names>T. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Амирова Танзиля Хафизовна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры фундаментальной медицины Марийского государственного университета. </p><p>424000, РМЭ, Йошкар-Ола, площадь Ленина, д.1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tanzila H. Amirova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor at Department of Fundamental Medicine of Mari State University.</p><p>1 Lenin Square, Yoshkar-Ola, 424000.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tanzilya.amirova.85@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Людмила Витальевна - заведующая бактериологической лабораторией Республиканского противотуберкулезного диспансера г. Йошкар-Ола; ассистент в Марийском государственном университете.</p><p>Йошкар-Ола.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila V. Petrova - Head of Bacteriological Laboratory in Republican Tuberculosis Health of Mari El; Assistant Professor at Mari State University.</p><p>Yoshkar-Ola.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Ф. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>F. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Фируза Салаватовна - специалист-эксперт отдела эпидемиологического надзора в Управлении Роспотребнадзора по Республике Татарстан; ассистент в Марийском государственном университете.</p><p>Йошкар-Ола.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Firuza S. Petrova - expert specialist of the Department of Epidemiological Surveillance Regional office of Rospotrebnadzor in the Republic of Tatarstan; Assistant Professor at Mari State University.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Севастьянова</surname><given-names>Э. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sevastyanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Севастьянова Элина Викторовна - ведущий научный сотрудник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулёза.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elina V. Sevastyanova - leading researcher at Central research Institute of tuberculosis.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валиев</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valiev</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валиев Рушан Ильгамович - ассистент в Казанском государственном медицинском университете.</p><p>Казань.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rushan I. Valiev - Assistant Professor, Kazan State Medical University.</p><p>Kazan.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Марийский государственный университет; Казанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mari State University; Kazan Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Марийский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mari State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Марийский государственный университет; Республиканский противотуберкулезный диспансер</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mari State University ;Republican TB DispensaryRepublican</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЦНИИ туберкулёза</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central research Institute of tuberculosis</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петров И.В., Амирова Т.Х., Петрова Л.В., Петрова Ф.С., Севастьянова Э.В., Валиев Р.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петров И.В., Амирова Т.Х., Петрова Л.В., Петрова Ф.С., Севастьянова Э.В., Валиев Р.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrov I.V., Amirova T.K., Petrova L.V., Petrova F.S., Sevastyanova E.V., Valiev R.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1036">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1036</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Группа нетуберкулезных микобактерий включает более 200 видов, из которых порядка 50 являются возбудителями микобактериальных инфекций, или микобактериозов, которые клинически и рентгенологически схожи с туберкулезом. Микобактериозы представляют собой мультидисциплинарную, недостаточно изученную проблему. Цель - обобщить современные представления о данных заболеваниях. Заключение. В обзоре представлена информация по основным аспектам рассмотренной проблемы: определены особенности экологии и диагностики нетуберкулезных микобактерий, описана эпидемиология данных заболеваний, установлена возможность вариативности клинических проявлений микобактериозов, в т. ч. среди иммунокомпрометированных лиц и на примере инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи. Особое внимание уделено возрастающей необходимости разработки нормативно-правовых документов, касающихся профилактики, диагностики и лечения инфекций, вызываемых нетуберкулезными микобактериями.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. The group of non-tuberculous mycobacteria includes more than 200 species, of which about 50 are causative agents of mycobacterial infection or mycobacteriosis, which is clinically and radiologically similar to tuberculosis. Mycobacteriosis is a multidisciplinary, insufficiently studied, problem. The purpose of the article is to summarize modern ideas about this disease. Conclusion. The review provides information on the main aspects of the considered problem: the environmental features and diagnostics of non-tuberculous mycobacteria are determined, the epidemiology of this disease is described, the possibility of the variability of the clinical manifestations of mycobacteriosis, including among immunocompromised patients and the example of infection associated with the provision of medical care. Particular attention is paid to the growing need to develop regulatory documents regarding the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infections caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria in the Russian Federation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нетуберкулезные микобактерии</kwd><kwd>микобактериозы</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>лабораторная диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>non-tuberculosis mycobacteria</kwd><kwd>mycobacteriosis</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>laboratory diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Daley CL, Griffith DE. Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2010;14(6):665-671.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daley CL, Griffith DE. Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. 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