epidemiologyЭпидемиология и ВакцинопрофилактикаEpidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention2073-30462619-0494«Numicom» LLC10.31631/2073-3046-2020-19-6-101-107epidemiology-1125Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWВариабельность показателей распространенности инфекционных осложнений области хирургического вмешательства после операций на открытом сердце и возможные причины, ее обуславливающиеThe Prevalence of Wound Complications after Cardiac Surgeryhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-2777СтепинА. В.StepinA. V.

Степин Артем Вячеславович – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением кардиохирургии,620144 Екатеринбург, ул. 8-е Марта 78 а. Тел. +7 (343) 295 13 76

Stepin Artem V. - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of Cardiac Surgery Department in Ural Institute of Cardiology.620142 Ekaterinburg, 8th March 78a. Tel. +7(343) 2951376

arstepin@me.comМатвеевС. А.MatveevS. A.

Матвеев Сергей Александрович - сердечно-сосудистый хирург.620144, Екатеринбург, ул. 8-е Марта, 78 а.

Matveev Sergey A. - cardiac surgeon in Ural Institute of Cardiology.620142 Ekaterinburg, 8th March 78a.

blackheart-7@yandex.ruМамонтовД. А.MamontovD. A.

Мамонтов Дмитрий Александрович - сердечно-сосудистый хирург.620144, Екатеринбург, ул. 8-е Марта, 78 а.

Mamontov Dmitry A. - cardiac surgeon in Ural Institute of Cardiology.620142 Ekaterinburg, 8th March 78a.

Mamontovda@yandex.ruУральский институт кардиологииРоссияUral Institute of CardiologyRussian Federation202013012021196101107Copyright © Степин А.В., Матвеев С.А., Мамонтов Д.А., 20212021Степин А.В., Матвеев С.А., Мамонтов Д.А.Stepin A.V., Matveev S.A., Mamontov D.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1125

Актуальность. Возникающие в послеоперационном периоде инфекционные осложнения - нозокомиальные, или внутрибольничные инфекции (ВБИ) оказывают неблагоприятное влияние на результаты высокотехнологичных вмешательств в кардиохирургической клинике, на качество жизни пациентов и являются значимой статьей медицинских расходов. Цель. На основе анализа литературных данных оценить распространенность осложнений области хирургического вмешательства и возможные причины, ее обуславливающие. Выводы. Распространенность инфекций области хирургического вмешательства (ИОХВ) после операций на открытом сердце не только остается высокой на протяжении последних 25 лет, но и варьирует в широком диапазоне, особенно при возникновении поверхностных форм. Вариабельность распространенности ИОХВ в кардиохирургии может быть связана с отсутствием повсеместного внедрения системы эпидемиологического наблюдения, недостаточной стратификацией предоперационного риска, разными подходами к идентификации и классификации инфекционных осложнений, а также ограничением срока наблюдения за пациентами в послеоперационном периоде.

Relevance. Infectious complications arising in the postoperative period (nosocomial infections) have an adverse effect on the results of high-tech interventions in a cardiac surgery clinic, worsening clinical results and being a significant article of medical expenses. Aims. To analyze modern literature data on the prevalence of nosocomial infections after high-tech cardiac surgery to identify factors that affect its variability. Conclusions. The prevalence of hospital Infectious complications after cardiac surgery remains high, ranging, according to various sources, from 0.9% to 35%. The deep form, accompanied by a significant mortality rate, is more common in the range from 0.4% to 5%, the incidence of superficial forms is much more variable, leaving from 1.5% to 30%. A prerequisite for controlling infection in a cardiac surgery hospital is thorough and adequate registration of such complications. Conducting a dynamic comparison of the prevalence of nosocomial infections in the process of epidemiological control requires the consistent use of unchanged methods of statistical analysis, constant criteria for determining a standard case and the use of up-to-date classifications. An important step in the study of the prevalence of nosocomial infections is to provide the obtained information to practicing physicians in order to maintain a high level of awareness of the effectiveness of treatment and prevention.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.