epidemiologyЭпидемиология и ВакцинопрофилактикаEpidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention2073-30462619-0494«Numicom» LLC10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-1-100-113epidemiology-1187Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWОсобенности формирования естественного и поствакцинального противодифтерийного антитоксического иммунитетаFormation Features of the Natural and Post-Vaccination Anti-Diphtheria Antitoxic ImmunityШмелёваЕ. А.ShmelevaE. A.

лена Александровна Шмелёва – доктор биологических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник 

Москва

Elena A. Shmeleva – Dr. Sci. (Bio.), professor, chief researcher

Moscow

elena.a.shmeleva@mail.ruПоповаТ. Н.PopovaT. N.

Татьяна Николаевна Попова – младший научный сотрудник 

Москва

Tatyana N. Popova – junior researcher

Moscow

СафроноваА. В.SafronovaA. V.

Алла Васильевна Сафронова – старший научный сотрудник

 Москва

Alla V. Safronova – senior researcher

Moscow

ФБУН «Московский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. Н. Габричевского» РоспотребнадзораРоссияGabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute of Epidemiology and MicrobiologyRussian Federation202113032021201100113Copyright © Шмелёва Е.А., Попова Т.Н., Сафронова А.В., 20212021Шмелёва Е.А., Попова Т.Н., Сафронова А.В.Shmeleva E.A., Popova T.N., Safronova A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1187Актуальность

Актуальность. На фоне эпидемиологического благополучия по дифтерийной инфекции актуальной проблемой является формирование оптимальной структуры популяционного поствакцинального антитоксического иммунитета.

Цель

Цель. Обзор посвящен антитоксическому противодифтерийному иммунитету и возможности формирования оптимальной структуры поствакцинального антитоксического популяционного иммунитета с помощью малых бустерных доз анатоксина.

Результаты

Результаты. В данном обзоре выделены сведения о популяционном противодифтерийном иммунитете. Обозначены пути создания эффективной поствакцинальной противодифтерийной популяционной защиты. Показан способ математического расчета показателей поствакцинального популяционного антитоксического иммунитета. Особое внимание уделено формированию антитоксического популяционного иммунитета естественным путем в допрививочный период. Предлагается обратить внимание на иммуносупрессивные свойства анатоксина на бустерный и иммунный ответ на его малые ревакцинирующие дозы. Показано закономерное снижение показателей концентрации поствакцинальных антитоксических IgG в крови людей. Предлагается математический анализ определения структуры поствакцинального популяционного иммунитета во всех возрастных группах населения.

Выводы

Выводы. Использование малых бустерных персонифицированных доз анатоксина при вакцинации подростков и взрослых будет способствовать созданию оптимальной популяционной противодифтерийной защиты этих возрастных групп населения.

Relevance

Relevance. Against the background of epidemiological well-being for diphtheria infection, the formation of the optimal structure of the population post-vaccination antitoxic immunity remains an urgent problem.

Aims

Aims. The review is devoted to anti-toxic antidiphtheria immunity and the possibility to form the optimal structure of post-vaccination anti-toxic population immunity using the small booster doses of anatoxin.

Results

Results. Special attention is paid to the formation of antitoxic population immunity in a natural way during the pre-vaccination period. It is proposed to pay attention to the immunosuppressive characteristics of anatoxin and the immune response to booster its small doses. Natural decrease in the concentration indicators of post-vaccination antitoxic IgG in the blood of adults has been demonstrated. A mathematical analysis of determining the structure of post-vaccination population immunity in all age groups of the population is proposed.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The small booster personalized doses of anatoxin in adolescents and adults will contribute to the creation of optimal population anti-diphtheria protection of these age groups of the population.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.