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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-4-28-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-1315</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Интерференция SARS-CoV-2 с другими возбудителями респираторных вирусных инфекций в период пандемии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Interference of SARS-CoV-2 with other Respiratory Viral Infections agents during Pandemic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9671-0629</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соминина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sominina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соминина Анна Адольфовна, д. м. н., профессор, заведующая лабораторией изучения факторов риска при гриппе и ОРВИ</p><p>197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д.15/17</p><p>+7(812) 499-15-29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sominina Anna A., Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Risk Factors Assessment for Influenza and ARI</p><p>15/17, prof. Popov street, Saint Petersburg, 197376, Russia</p><p>+7(812) 499-15-29</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.sominina@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6174-0836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даниленко</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilenko</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарья Михайловна Даниленко – зам. директора по научной работе, зав. отделом этиологии и эпидемиологии</p><p>197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д.15/17</p><p>+7 (921) 996-20-34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria M. Danilenko – Deputy Director for Research, Head of the Department of Etiology and Epidemiology</p><p>15/17, prof. Popov street, Saint Petersburg, 197376, Russia</p><p>+7 (921) 996-20-34</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daria.baibus@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1765-2799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Столяров</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stolyarov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирилл Александрович Столяров – ведущий программист</p><p>197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д.15/17</p><p>+7 (911) 218-32-43</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill A. Stolyarov – leading programmer</p><p>15/17, prof. Popov street, Saint Petersburg, 197376, Russia</p><p>+7 (911) 218-32-43</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirill@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-5977</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Серафимовна Карпова – заведующая лабораторией</p><p>197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д.15/17</p><p>+7 (812) 499-15-33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila S. Karpova – head of the laboratory</p><p>15/17, prof. Popov street, Saint Petersburg, 197376, Russia</p><p>+7 (812) 499-15-33</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">epidlab@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7584-330X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакаев</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakaev</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Игоревич Бакаев – младший научный сотрудник</p><p>197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д.15/17</p><p>+7 (911) 210-08-07</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Bakaev – junior researcher</p><p>15/17, prof. Popov street, Saint Petersburg, 197376, Russia</p><p>+7 (911) 210-0807</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mibakaev18@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леванюк</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levanyuk</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Петровна Леванюк – ведущий программист</p><p>197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д.15/17</p><p>+7 (812) 499-15-29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana P. Levanyuk – leading programmer</p><p>15/17, prof. Popov street, Saint Petersburg, 197376, Russia</p><p>+7 (812) 499-15-29</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatyana.levanyuk@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2518-6801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурцева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burtseva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Ивановна Бурцева – заведующая лабораторией</p><p>Москва</p><p>+7 (499) 190-30-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Burtseva – head of the laboratory</p><p>Moscow</p><p>+7 (499) 190-30-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena-burtseva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3643-7354</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лиознов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lioznov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Анатольевич Лиознов – директор</p><p>197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д.15/17</p><p>+7 (812) 499-15-00</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Lioznov – Director</p><p>15/17, prof. Popov street, Saint Petersburg, 197376, Russia</p><p>+7 (812) 499-15-00</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dlioznov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НИИ гриппа им. А. А. Смородинцева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Н. Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after N. F. Gamalei of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соминина А.А., Даниленко Д.М., Столяров К.А., Карпова Л.С., Бакаев М.И., Леванюк Т.П., Бурцева Е.И., Лиознов Д.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соминина А.А., Даниленко Д.М., Столяров К.А., Карпова Л.С., Бакаев М.И., Леванюк Т.П., Бурцева Е.И., Лиознов Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sominina A.A., Danilenko D.M., Stolyarov K.A., Karpova L.S., Bakaev M.I., Levanyuk T.P., Burtseva E.I., Lioznov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1315">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1315</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Проведение интегративного эпидемиологического и этиологического анализа особенностей развития пандемии COVID-19 в разных странах мира представляет существенный научный и практический интерес в целях повышения готовности систем медицинского и социального обслуживания в период предстоящих пандемий.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Определить особенности эпидемического процесса, обусловленного новой коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19, во всем многообразии ее взаимодействия с вирусами гриппа и другими возбудителями ОРВИ в Российской Федерации.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследования проводились в системе традиционного надзора за гриппом, осуществляемого Федеральным центром по гриппу и ОРВИ при НИИ гриппа им. А. А. Смородинцева и Центром экологии и эпидемиологии гриппа при НИЦ ЭМ им. Н. Ф. Гамалеи в сотрудничестве с региональными опорными базами. Сведения по заболеваемости и госпитализации представлялись Территориальными управлениями Роспотребнадзора. Информация по результатам ПЦР-детекции вирусов гриппа и ОРВИ, включая SARS-CоV-2, поступала из ФБУЗ «Центры гигиены и эпидемиологии» и вводилась on-line в Электронную базу данных ФГБУ «НИИ гриппа им. А. А. Смородинцева» Минздрава России. Проводилась ПЦР-детекция возбудителей ОРВИ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что ежегодным эпидемиям гриппа, а также развитию второй волны пандемии COVID- 19 в сезон 2020–2021 гг. предшествовал достаточно выраженный подъем заболеваемости ОРВИ (55,0–67,9 на 10 тыс.), начиная с 38-е по 43-ю неделю, обусловленный активной циркуляцией риновирусов, достигавшей на пике 23–29,0% от числа обследованных больных. Подъем заболеваемости COVID-19 осенью 2020 г. носил поступательный характер, начиная с 41 недели с достижением пиковых значений детекции (от 26,6 до 31,3%) с 47 недели 2020 г. по 4 неделю 2021 г. Длительность и тяжесть COVID-19 заболеваний, требующих госпитализации, отличали пандемию, вызванную вирусом SARS-CoV-2, от эпидемий/пандемий гриппа. Резкие изменения характера эпидемического процесса обнаружены при анализе возрастной структуры заболеваемости и госпитализации – их отчетливое снижение в детских возрастных группах на фоне выраженного роста среди больных возрастной группы 15–64 лет и особенно у пожилых людей ≥ 65 лет. Кривые роста заболеваемости совпадали по времени с повышением активности SARS-CoV-2 на фоне снижения частоты детекции других возбудителей ОРВИ, включая вирусы гриппа и респираторно-синцитиальной инфекции как результат выраженной интерференции между возбудителями. Интересно, что по мере снижения частоты детекции SARS-CoV-2 до 15–19% активность риновирусов, сезонных коронавирусов и метапневмовирусов стала вновь возрастать с 0,7–3,0% до 5,6– 6,6% , что свидетельствовало о существовании количественных взаимосвязей показателей интерференции SARS-CoV-2 с другими возбудителями ОРВИ. Наиболее ярко она проявилась в отношении вирусов гриппа и респираторно-синцитиальной инфекции, частота детекции которых в целом за сезон снизилась до 0,04% и 0,3% соответственно.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Установлен феномен интерференции SARSCoV- 2 с другими вирусными респираторными агентами, базирующийся на фактах резкого угнетения циркуляции вирусов гриппа, респираторно-синцитиального вируса и других возбудителей ОРВИ в период активного распространения пандемического коронавируса. Отличительной особенностью пандемии, вызванной SARS-CoV-2, в сравнении с гриппозными эпидемиями оказалась ее высо- кая продолжительность и тяжесть вызванных им заболеваний. В период пандемии выявлено отчетливое снижение заболеваемости и госпитализации среди детей при их выраженном росте у взрослых и особенно у пожилых людей ≥ 65 лет.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Integrative epidemiological and etiological analysis of peculiarities of the development of the COVID-19 pandemic in different countries of the world is of significant scientific and practical interest in order to improve the preparedness of medical and social services during the upcoming pandemics. The purpose of the research. To determine the features of the epidemic process caused by a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, in all the diversity of its interaction with influenza viruses and other ARVI agents in the Russian Federation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The studies were performed in the system of routine influenza surveillance by the Federal Center for Influenza and ARI at the Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza and the Center for Ecology and Epidemiology of Influenza at the National Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after N.F. Gamaleya, in cooperation with Regional Collaborating Base Laboratories in accordance with the Order of the Federal Service for Consumer Rights Protection Surveillance and Human Well-being No. 373 of March 31, 2005. Information on morbidity and hospitalization was provided by the erritorial Departments of Rospotrebnadzor. Information on the results of PCR detection of influenza and ARVI viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, was received from the «enters for Hygiene and Epidemiology" and was entered on-line into the electronic database of the Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of Russia. «AmpliSens reagent kits produced by the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology were used for PCR detection and subtyping of influenza A and B viruses, to identify ARVI agents, for PCR diagnosis of COVID-19 the kits certified in the Russian Federation of various producers were used.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It has been established that the annual epidemics of influenza, as well as the development of the second wave of the COVID- 19 pandemic in the season 2020–2021 was preceded pronounced increase of incidence rate (55.0 - 67.9 per 10,000), associated with rhinoviruses activity, starting from the week 38 to week 43. 2020, which reached on the peak 23–29.0% of patients examined. The increase of COVID-19 activity in the fall of 2020 began from week 41 with the peak (26.6–31.3%) of detection in the period from the week 47.2020 to week 4. 2021. The duration and severity of COVID-19 diseases, requiring hospitalization, distinguished the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic from influenza epidemics/pandemics. Significant changes in the nature of the epidemic process were found in the analysis of the age structure of morbidity and hospitalization – their distinct decrease in children's age groups against the background of pronounced growth among patients of the age group 15–64 yrs and, especially, in elderly people ≥ 65 yrs. The incidence growth curves coincided in time with an increase in SARS-CoV-2 activity against the background of a decrease in the detection frequency of other ARVI pathogens, including influenza and RSV viruses, as a result of pronounced interference between pathogens. Interestingly, as the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 detection decreased to 15–19%, the activity of rhinoviruses, seasonal coronaviruses and metapneumoviruses began to increase again from 0.7–3.0% to 5.6–6.6%, which indicated the existence of a quantitative relationship between the interference indicators of SARS-CoV-2 with other ARI agents. It was most clearly manifested in relation to influenza and RSV viruses, which detection in general for the season dropped to 0.04% and 0.3% respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The phenomenon of interference of SARS-CoV-2 with other viral respiratory agents was established, based on the facts of a sharp suppression of the circulation of influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus and other ARVI pathogens during the period of active spread of the pandemic coronavirus. A distinctive feature of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, in comparison with influenza epidemics, was its long duration and the severity of the diseases caused by that virus. During the period of the pandemic, a clear decrease in the incidence and hospitalization among children was revealed, with their pronounced growth in adults and, especially, in older people ≥ 65 years old.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>госпитализация</kwd><kwd>надзор</kwd><kwd>молекулярная диагностика</kwd><kwd>интерференция</kwd><kwd>вирусы гриппа</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>риновирусы</kwd><kwd>респираторно-синцитиальный вирус</kwd><kwd>метапневмовирус</kwd><kwd>сезонный коронавирус</kwd><kwd>вирус парагриппа</kwd><kwd>аденовирус</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>morbidity</kwd><kwd>hospitalization</kwd><kwd>surveillance</kwd><kwd>molecular diagnostics</kwd><kwd>interference</kwd><kwd>influenza viruses</kwd><kwd>SARSCoV- 2</kwd><kwd>rhinoviruses</kwd><kwd>respiratory syncytia virus</kwd><kwd>metapneumovirus</kwd><kwd>seasonal coronavirus</kwd><kwd>parainfluenza virus</kwd><kwd>adenovirus No conflict of interest to declare</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 — 11 March 2020. 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