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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2022-21-3-44-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-1557</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространенность генов антибиотикорезистентности bla-CTX-M, bla-SHV, bla-TEM в штаммах энтеробактерий, выделенных от пациентов перинатального центра</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes bla-CTX-M, bla-SHV, bla-TEM in enterobacteria strains isolated from perinatal center patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8521-7652</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Устюжанин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ustyuzhanin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Владимирович Устюжанин – к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник научного отделения иммунологии, микробиологии, патоморфологии и  цитодиагностики</p><p>620028, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д.1.</p><p>+7 (908) 924-94-19, факс +7 (343) 371-87-68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Ustyuzhanin  – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher of the Department of Immunology, Microbiology, Pathomorphology and Cytodiagnostics</p><p>1, St. Repina, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p><p>+7 (908) 924-94-19, fax +7 (343) 371-87-68</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ust103@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0852-6766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чистякова</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chistyakova</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гузель Нуховна Чистякова – д. м. н., профессор, руководитель научного отделения иммунологии, микробиологии, патоморфологии и  цитодиагностики</p><p>620028, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д.1.</p><p>+7 (908) 371-42-60</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guzel N. Chistyakova – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Immunology, Microbiology, Pathomorphology and Cytodiagnostics</p><p>1, St. Repina, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p><p>+7 (343) 371-42-60</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chistyakovagn@niiomm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-4642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ремизова</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Remizova</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Ивановна Ремизова  – к. б. н., старший научный сотрудник научного отделения иммунологии, микробиологии, патоморфологии и цитодиагностики</p><p>620028, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д.1.</p><p>+7 (908) 371-28-30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina I. Remizova – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher of the Department of Immunology, Microbiology, Pathomorphology and Cytodiagnostics</p><p>1, St. Repina, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p><p>+7 (343) 371-28-30</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">RemizovaII@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-6754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маханёк</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhanyok</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Алексеевна Маханёк – младший научный сотрудник научного отделения иммунологии, микробиологии, патоморфологии и  цитодиагностики</p><p>620028, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д.1.</p><p>+7 (908) 371-28-30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Makhanyok  – Junior Researche of the Department of Immunology, Microbiology, Pathomorphology and Cytodiagnostics</p><p>1, St. Repina, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p><p>+79221935099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makhanechek@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НИИ ОММ» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Scientific Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Устюжанин А.В., Чистякова Г.Н., Ремизова И.И., Маханёк А.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Устюжанин А.В., Чистякова Г.Н., Ремизова И.И., Маханёк А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ustyuzhanin A.V., Chistyakova G.N., Remizova I.I., Makhanyok A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1557">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1557</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Распространенным механизмом резистентности является синтез ферментов, инактивирующих антибиотик (АБ). В конце XX века были открыты бета-лактамазы расширенного спектра действия (БЛРС), широко распространившиеся по всему миру. Представители данной группы сложных белковых соединений обладают общими свойствами гидролиза ß-лактамных АБ и отличаются друг от друга аминокислотной последовательностью. Генетическими детерминантами, определяющими их синтез, являются гены bla-CTX-M, bla-SHV, bla-TEM. Цель. Оценить распространенность встречаемости генов bla-CTX-M, bla-SHV, bla-TEM у антибиотикорезистентных штаммов энтеробактерий, выделенных из проб пациентов перинатального центра. Материалы и методы. В работе исследовали 135 не дублирующих друг друга штаммов БЛРС- продуцирующих энтеробактерий, выделенных в ходе микробиологического мониторинга с 1 января 2020 г. по 31 декабря 2021 г. Биологический материал (кал (92), кровь (1), моча (5), отделяемое цервикального канала (33), послед (4)) поступал от пациентов перинатального центра (43 женщины и 92 новорожденных ребенка), обследованных как по клиническим показаниям, так и в ходе локального микробиологического мониторинга. Видовую идентификацию выделенных микроорганизмов проводили бактериологическим методом, детекцию генов антибиотикорезистентности осуществляли с помощью ПЦР в реальном времени. Результаты и обсуждение. При проведении исследования из 135 штаммов энтеробактерий у 87 (64,4%) успешно определены изучаемые генетические детерминанты антибиотикорезистентности. Из 26 исследованных штаммов Klebsiella pneumonia у 24 (92,3%) удалось установить детерминанты устойчивости к АБ, 50% которых представлены bla-CTX-M. Из 66 штаммов Escherichia coli у 59 (89,33%) определен генетический профиль антибиотикорезистентности, в котором также преобладает bla-CTX-M (67,80%). Однако лишь у 8,10% штаммов Enterobacter cloacae удалось определить наличие изучаемых генов. K. pneumoniae, несущая сразу три гена антибиотикорезистентности bla-CTX-M, bla-SHV, bla-TEM, была выделена однократно из пробы отделяемого цервикального канала женщины в возрасте 27 лет. Штаммы E. coli, обладающие геном CTX-М, были выделены у 3 пар «мать-ребенок» из 135 штаммов энтеробактерий: у матерей – из отделяемого цервикального канала в третьем триместре беременности, у новорожденных – из фекалий в первую недели жизни, что может свидетельствовать о возможной передаче устойчивого к АБ микроорганизма либо внутриутробно, либо при прохождении через родовые пути. Выводы. Доминирующим геном, обеспечивающим устойчивость к АБ среди БЛРС является ген bla-CTX-M. Количество штаммов с установленным генетическим профилем устойчивости к АБ достоверно меньше среди Enterobacter cloacae (р &lt; 0,001). С целью более подробного изучения генетического профиля и установления механизмов формирования антибиотикорезистентности необходимо расширить панель определяемых генов</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance A common mechanism of resistance is the synthesis of enzymes that inactivate the antibiotic (AB). Since its discovery at the end of the 20th century, ESBLs have spread widely throughout the world. Representatives of this group of complex protein compounds have common properties of hydrolysis of ß-lactam antibiotics and differ from each other in amino acid sequence. The genetic determinants that determine their synthesis are the bla-CTX-M, bla-SHV, and bla-TEM genes. Aims. To assess the prevalence of bla-CTX-M, bla-SHV, bla-TEM genes in antibiotic-resistant strains of enterobacteria isolated from samples of patients of the perinatal center. Materials &amp; Methods. We studied 135 strains of ESBL-producing enterobacteria isolated during microbiological monitoring from January 01, 2020 to December 31, 2021. Biological material (feces (92), blood (1), urine (5), cervical canal discharge (33), last (4)) came from patients of the perinatal center (43 women and 92 newborns), examined both for clinical indications and during local microbiological monitoring. Species identification of isolated microorganisms was carried out by bacteriological method, detection of antibiotic resistance genes was carried out using real-time PCR. Results. In 87 cases (64.4%), the studied genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance were successfully identified. Of the 26 studied strains of Klebsiella pneumonia, 24 (92.3%) were able to establish the determinants of resistance to AB, 50% of which are represented by bla-CTX-M. Out of 66 Escherichia coli, 59 (89.33%) had a genetic profile of antibiotic resistance, which was also dominated by bla-CTX-M (67.80%). However, in the Enterobacter cloacae group, it was possible to determine the presence of the studied genes only in 8.10% of cases. K. pneumoniae carrying three antibiotic resistance genes bla-CTX-M, bla-SHV, bla-TEM was isolated once from a sample of the cervical canal of a woman aged 27 years. E. coli strains carrying the CTX-M gene were isolated from 3 mother-child pairs out of 135 cases: in mothers – from the discharge of the cervical canal in the third trimester of pregnancy, in newborns – from feces in the first week of life, which can indicate possible transmission of an AB-resistant microorganism either in utero or through the birth canal. Conclusions. Thus, in the course of the study, determinants of antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria isolated from patients of the perinatal center were identified in 64.4% of cases. The dominant gene leading to the occurrence of AD among ESBL is the bla-CTX-M gene. The number of strains with an established genetic profile of resistance to AB is less among Enterobacter cloacae (p&lt;0.001). In order to study the genetic profile in more detail and to identify the mechanisms for the formation of antibiotic resistance, it is necessary to expand the detection of observed genes</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>энтеробактерии</kwd><kwd>гены bla-CTX-M</kwd><kwd>bla-SHV</kwd><kwd>bla-TEM</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>enterobacteria</kwd><kwd>bla-CTX-M</kwd><kwd>bla-SHV</kwd><kwd>bla-TEM genes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Косякова К. Г., Эсауленко Н. Б., Каменева О. А. и др. 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