<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2016-15-3-15-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-160</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемическая опасность бруцеллеза в современных условиях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemic Risk of Brucellosis in Modern conditions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Охапкина</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Okhapkina</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">verona2205@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пяткова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyatkova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>Д. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>D. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суслопаров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Susloparov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Филиал ФГБУ «48 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт» Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Branch of the Federal state establishment «48 Central Research and Development Institute» Russian Federation Ministry of Defense</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Охапкина В.Ю., Пяткова Н.В., Павлов Д.Л., Суслопаров А.А., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Охапкина В.Ю., Пяткова Н.В., Павлов Д.Л., Суслопаров А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Okhapkina V.Y., Pyatkova N.V., Pavlov D.L., Susloparov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/160">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/160</self-uri><abstract><p>В современных условиях бруцеллез продолжает представлять высокую эпидемическую опасность, связанную с угрозой распространения возбудителя из многочисленных естественных источников, а также искусственным способом в результате биотеррористических акций. Несмотря на обширный комплекс проводимых во всем мире мероприятий по ликвидации бруцеллеза, он до настоящего времени остается эндемичным для многих регионов земного шара. Ситуация усугубляется экологической экспансией возбудителя бруцеллеза на ранее несвойственные виды естественных хозяев, сопровождающейся появлением новых видов бруцелл, часть из которых представляет опасность и для человека. В статье обобщены данные об ареалах распространения патогенных для человека видов бруцелл, структуре и уровне заболеваемости людей бруцеллезом в различных регионах нашей страны и за рубежом, патогенности для человека представителей разных видов и биотипов бруцелл.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Under present conditions there is a high risk of an epidemic of brucellosis associated with the threat of the spread of the pathogen from many natural sources, as well as artificially as a result of bioterrorist actions. In spite of the vast complex of brucellosis eradication activities around the world, it still remains endemic in many regions of the world. The situation is exacerbated by the ecological spreading of the causative agent of brucellosis on the previously unusual species of natural hosts, accompanied by the emergence of new Brucella species, some of which poses a risk to humans. This paper summarizes the data on the distribution area of human pathogenic Brucella species, structure and level of incidence of brucellosis in different regions of our country and abroad, pathogenicity of representatives of different species and biotypes of Brucella for humans.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бруцеллез</kwd><kwd>вид</kwd><kwd>биотип</kwd><kwd>патогенность</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>биотерроризм</kwd><kwd>brucellosis</kwd><kwd>species</kwd><kwd>biotype</kwd><kwd>pathogenicity</kwd><kwd>morbidity</kwd><kwd>bioterrorism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hurtado R. Brucellosis - new and old issues regarding diagnosis and management Harvard education online, 31 октября 2001 г. Доступно на: http:/// www.mgh.harvard.edu/id/images/brucellosis.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hurtado R. Brucellosis – new and old issues regarding diagnosis and management Harvard education online. 2001. Available at: http:///www.mgh.harvard. edu/id/images/brucellosis.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">CBRNE - Brucellosis. E-Medicine Journal; 2001; 2: 10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CBRNE – Brucellosis. E - Medicine Journal; 2001; 2: 10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pappas G., Akritidis N., Bosilkovski M., Tsianos E. Brucellosis. The New Ingland Journal of Medicine; 2005; 352: 2325 - 2336.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pappas G., Akritidis N., Bosilkovski M., Tsianos E. Brucellosis. The New Ingland Journal of Medicine; 2005; 352: 2325 – 2336.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doyle T.J., Bryan R.T. Infectious diseases morbidity in the U.S. region bordering Mexico 1990 - 1998; J. Infect. Dis.; 2000: 182 (5): 1503 - 1510.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doyle T.J., Bryan R.T. Infectious diseases morbidity in the U.S. region bordering Mexico 1990-1998; J. Infect. Dis.; 2000: 182 (5): 1503 – 1510.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Corbel M.J. Brucellosis in humans and animals; WHO, 2006: 89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Corbel M.J. Brucellosis in humans and animals; WHO, 2006: 89.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lopes L.B., Nicolino R., Haddad J.P.A. Brucellosis - risk factors and prevalence: A Review. The Open Veterinary Science Journal. 2010; 4: 72 - 84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lopes L.B., Nicolino R., Haddad J.P.A. Brucellosis – risk factors and prevalence: A Review. The Open Veterinary Science Journal. 2010; 4: 72 – 84.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Young E.J. An overview of human brucellosis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 1995; 2: 283 - 290.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Young E.J. An overview of human brucellosis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 1995; 2: 283 – 290.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abdou A.E. Fifty years of veterinary public health activities in the Eastern Mediterranean Regionu. East Mediter Health J. 2000; 6: 796 - 807.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abdou A.E. Fifty years of veterinary public health activities in the Eastern Mediterranean Regionu. East Mediter Health J. 2000; 6: 796 – 807.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brucellosis. Griffith's 5 minute Clinical Consult - A reference for Clinicians. Ed. Mark R. Dambro. HealthCyberMap.org. 200; 9 th Ed.: 1 - 5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brucellosis. Griffith’s 5 minute Clinical Consult – A reference for Clinicians. Ed. Mark R. Dambro. HealthCyberMap.org. 200; 9 th Ed.: 1 – 5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Memish Z. Brucellosis in laboratory workers at Saudi Arabian hospital. Am. J. Infect. Control. 2001; 29 (1): 48 -52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Memish Z. Brucellosis in laboratory workers at Saudi Arabian hospital. Am. J. Infect. Control. 2001; 29 (1): 48 –52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arai G.F. Human brucellosis: a classical infectious disease with persistent diagnostic challenges. Clinical Laboratory Science. 1999; 12 (4): 207 - 212.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arai G.F. Human brucellosis: a classical infectious disease with persistent diagnostic challenges. Clinical Laboratory Science. 1999; 12 (4): 207 – 212.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Izadi S. Neurobrucellosis. Shiraz E Medical Journal. 2001; 2 (1): 2 - 6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Izadi S. Neurobrucellosis. Shiraz E Medical Journal. 2001; 2 (1): 2 – 6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Онищенко Г.Г.Эпидемиологическая обстановка в РФ и основные направления деятельности по ее стабилизации. Материалы VIII Всеросcийского съезда эпидемиологов, микробиологов и паразитологов. Москва. М., 2002: 3 - 7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Onischenko G.G. Epidemiological situation to the Russian Federation and the main activities on its stabilization. Materialyi VIII Vserosciyskogo s›ezda epidemiologov, mikrobiologov i parazitologov. Moscow; 2002: 3 – 7 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">В Кыргызстане продолжает сокращаться заболеваемость бруцеллезом [Электронный ресурс]. K-NEW, 1 февраля 2014 г, 9:45. Доступно на: www. knews.kg/society/442222_v_kyirgyizstan</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">In Kyrgyzstan incidence of a brucellosis continues to be reduced. K-NEW, 2014. Available at: www.knews.kg/society/442222v_kyirgyizstan (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Инфекционная заболеваемость в Российской Федерации [Электронный ресурс]. Роспотребнадзор.Доступно на: http://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Infectious morbidity in the Rospotrebnadzor. Available at: http://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лямкин Г.И., Тихенко Н.И., Манин Е.А., Русанова Д.В., Головнева С.И., Вилинская С.В и др. Об эпидемической ситуации заболеваемости бруцеллезом в Российской Федерации в 2011 г и прогноз на 2012 г. Проблемы особо опасных инфекций. 2012; 1: 27 - 29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lyamkin G.I., Tihenko N.I., Manin E.A., Rusanova D.V., Golovneva S.I., Vilinskaya S.V. et al. About an epidemic situation of incidence of a brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2011 and the forecast for 2012. Problems of especially dangerous infections. 2012; 1: 27 – 29 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лямкин Г.И., Манин Е.А., Головнева С.И., Тихенко Н.И., Куличенко А.Н. Эпидемиологическая ситуация по бруцеллезу в Российской Федерации в 2012 г. и прогноз на 2013 г. Проблемы особо опасных инфекций. 2013; 1: 21 - 24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lyamkin G.I., Manin E.A., Golovneva S.I., Tihenko N.I., Kulichenko A.N. Epidemiological situation on a brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2012 and the forecast for 2013. Problems of especially dangerous infections.. 2013; 1: 21 – 24 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лямкин Г.И., Головнева С.И., Худолеев А.А., Чеботарева Е.Н., Шакирова Л.И., Куличенко А.Н. Обзор эпизоотической и эпидемиологической ситуации по бруцеллезу в Российской Федерации в 2013 г и прогноз на 2014 г. Проблемы особо опасных инфекций. 2014; 2: 29 - 32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lyamkin G.I., Golovneva S.I., Hudoleev A.A., Chebotareva E.N., Shakirova L.I., Kulichenko A.N The review of an epizootic and epidemiological situation on a brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2013 and the forecast for 2014. Problems of  especially dangerous infections. 2014; 2: 29 – 32 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Желудков М.М. Бруцеллез в России: современная эпидемиология и лабораторная диагностика: Дис.. докт. мед. наук: Москва; 2009: 263.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheludkov M.M. Brucellosis in Russia: modern epidemiology and laboratory diagnostics: PhD of med. sci. diss. Moscow. 2009: 263 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">В России неустойчивая эпидемическая ситуация по бруцеллезу. Информационно-аналитическое агентство «ИМИТ», 27.09.2011. Доступно на: www. emeat.ru/new.php?id=47553</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">In Russia an unstable epidemic situation on a brucellosis. Infoagency «IMIT», 27.09.2011. Available at: www.emeat.ru/new.php?id=47553 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">На Дагестан приходится 40% зарегистрированных случаев бруцеллеза в России. РИА Дагестан, 2011. Доступно на: http://www.riadagestan.ru/ news/2011/11/26/121619</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">40 percent of the registered brucellosis cases in Russia are the share of Dagestan. RIA Dagestan, 2011. Available at: http://www.riadagestan.ru/news/2011/11/26/121619 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">На Ставрополье заболевают бруцеллезом 70 человек в год. Ставропольское информационное агенство СтавропольИнфо, 27.09.2011. Доступно на: http:/stavinform.ru/ru/health/94/403</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">To Stavropol Territory get sick with a brucellosis of 70 people in a year. Infoagency StavropolInfo, 27.09.2011. Available at: http:/stavinform.ru/ru/health/94/403 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Официальный сайт Прокуратуры Республики Тыва, 20.10.2011. Доступно на: www.proctuva.ru/news.php</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Available at: www.proctuva.ru/news.php (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиологический надзор за бруцеллезом и организация противоэпидемических мероприятий в Волгоградской области. Пресс-релиз. Официальный сайт Управления федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека по Волгоградской области, 15.09.2011. Доступно на: http://34.rospotrebnadzor.ru/press/release/71465</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Epidemiological surveillance behind a brucellosis and the organization of anti-epidemic actions in the Volgograd region. Press release Available at: http://34.rospotrebnadzor.ru/press/release/71465 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">В Оренбуржье отмечают неблагополучную ситуацию по бруцеллёзу. Информационное агенство Regnum, 2011. Доступно на: http://www.regnum.ru/ news/medicine/1484066.html</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">In Orenburg region note an unsuccessful situation on a brucellosis. Info agency Regnum, 2011. Available at: http://www.regnum.ru/news/medicine/1484066.html (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">В Забайкальском районе зарегистрирована вспышка бруцеллеза. РИА Вести Ru, 28.12.2011. Доступно на: www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=673361</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">In Zabaykalsk the area the outbreak of a brucellosis is registered. RIA Vesti Ru, 28.12.2011. Available at: www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=673361 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Banai M., Corbel M.Taxonomy of Brucella. The Open Veterinary Science Journal. 2010; 4: 85 - 101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Banai M., Corbel M. Taxonomy of Brucella. The Open Veterinary Science Journal. 2010; 4: 85 – 101.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вершилова П.А., Голубева А.А. Бруцеллез в СССР и пути его профилактики. М.: Медицина; 1970: 191.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vershilova P.A., Golubeva A.A. Brucellosis in the USSR and a way of its prevention. Moscow: Medicine; 1970: 191 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foster G., Osterman B.S., Godfroid J. et al. Brucella ceti sp. nov. and Brucella pinnipedialis sp. nov. for Brucella strains with cetaceans and seals as their preferred hosts. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2007; 57: 2688 - 2693.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foster G., Osterman B.S., Godfroid J. et al. Brucella ceti sp. nov. and Brucella pinnipedialis sp. nov. for Brucella strains with cetaceans and seals as their preferred hosts. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2007; 57: 2688 – 2693.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scholz H.C., Hubalek Z., Sedl ek I. et al. Brucella microti sp. nov., isolaited from the common vole Microtus arvalis. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2008; 58: 375 - 382.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scholz H.C., Hubalek Z., Sedlǎĉek I. et al. Brucella microti sp. nov., isolaited from the common vole Microtus arvalis. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2008; 58: 375-382.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scholz Ncler K., Gllner C. H.C. Brucella inopinata sp. nov., isolaited from a breast implant infection. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2010; 60 (4): 801 - 808.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scholz, Nőcler K., Gőllner C. H.C. Brucella inopinata sp. nov., isolaited from a breast implant infection. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2010; 60 (4): 801-808.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вершилова П.А. Бруцеллез. М.: Медицина; 1972: 439.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vershilova P.A. Brucellosis. Moscow: Medicine; 1972: 439 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brew S.D., Perrett L.L., Stack,J.A. et al. Human exposure to Brucella recovered from a sea mammal. Vet.Rec. 1999; 144 (17): 483.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brew S.D., Perrett L.L., Stack J.A. et al. Human exposure to Brucella recovered from a sea mammal. Vet. Rec. 1999; 144(17): 483.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Здродовский П.Ф. Бруцеллез. М.: Государственное издательство медицинской литературы; 1953: 244.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zdrodovskiy P.F. Brucellosis. M.: Gosudarstvennoe izdatelstvo meditsinskoy literaturyi; 1953: 244 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вершилова П.А., Кайтмазова Е.И., Островская Н.Н. и др. Обобщенные материалы по изучению бруцелл, выделяемые в Советском Союзе. Микроб. 1967; 7: 82.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vershilova P.A., Kaytmazova E.I., Ostrovskaya N.N. The generalized materials on studying of brucellas emitted in the Soviet Union. Mikrob. 1967; 7: 82 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heineman H.S., Dziamski J.M. Brucella suis infection in Phiadelphia. A survey of hot fever and asymptomatic brucellosis. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1976; 103 (1): 88 - 100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heineman H.S., Dziamski J.M. Brucella suis infection in Phiadelphia. A survey of hot fever and asymptomatic brucellosis. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1976; 103 (1): 88 – 100.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лямкин Г.И., Таран И.Ф., Щедрин В.И.Современные представления о бруцеллезе как природно-очаговом заболевании. Журн. микробиол. 1995; 2: 115 - 118.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lyamkin G.I., Taran I.F., Schedrin V.I. Modern ideas of a brucellosis as natural and focal disease. Zhurn. mikrobiol. 1995; 2: 115 – 118 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Таран И.Ф., Рыбасов Н.А. О возможных путях распространения и эволюции бруцелл. Журн. микробиол. 1971; 5: 34 - 38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taran I.F., Ryibasov N.A. About possible ways of distribution and evolution of brucellas. Zhurn. mikrobiol. 1971; 5: 34 – 38 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кайтмазова Е.И., Островская Н.Н. К вопросу о характеристике бруцелл, выделенных на территории СССР: Сообщение I. Журн. микробиол. 1967; 1: 12 - 16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaytmazova E.I., Ostrovskaya N.N. To a question of the characteristic of the brucellas allocated for territories of the USSR: Message of I. Zhurn. mikrobiol. 1967; 1: 12 – 16 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кайтмазова Е.И., Островская Н.Н. К вопросу о характеристике бруцелл, выделенных на территории СССР: Сообщение II. Журн. микробиол. 1967; 2: 66 - 70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaytmazova E.I., Ostrovskaya N.N. To a question of the characteristic of the brucellas allocated for territories of the USSR: Message of II. Zhurn. mikrobiol. 1967; 2: 66 – 70 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Калиновский А.И., Репина Л.П., Михайлов Л.М.Оценка современного эпидемиологического значения очагов бруцеллеза разных типов Восточно-Сибирского региона. Материалы научно-практической конференции, посвященной 100-летию образования противочумной службы России. Саратов. Саратов; 1997: 55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalinovskiy A.I., Repina L.P., Mihaylov L.M. Assessment of modern epidemiological value of the centers of a brucellosis of different types of the East Siberian region. Saratov; 1997: 55 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Желудков М.М., Толмачева Т.А., Ефимов М.А. Диагностика бруцеллеза в системе эпиднадзора. Тезисы докладов Международной научно-практической конференции «Проблемы санитарно-эпидемиологической охраны территории стран СНГ». Саратов. Саратов; 1998: 171 - 173.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheludkov M.M., Tolmacheva T.A., Efimov M.A. Diagnosis of a brucellosis in system of an epidnadzor. Saratov; 1998: 171 – 173 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Егорова Л.С. К вопросу об эпидемиологической значимости различных биотипов B.abortus в Западной Сибири. Материалы межинститутской конференции по бруцеллезу. Москва. Москва; 1971: 6 - 8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Egorova L.S. To a question of the epidemiological importance of various B.abortus biotypes in Western Siberia. Materialyi mezhinstitutskoy konferentsii po brutsellezu. Moscow; 1971: 6 – 8 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Узбекова Б.Р., Кондратьева О.В., Варшавская Б.Л. и др. Характеристика бруцелл и эпидемиологическое значение различных биотипов B.abortus, выделенных в Казахстане. Материалы межинститутской конференции по бруцеллезу. Москва. М.; 1971: 8-11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uzbekova B.R., Kondrateva O.V., Varshavskaya B.L. The characteristic of brucellas and epidemiological value of various B.abortus biotypes allocated in Kazakhstan. Moscow; 1971: 8 – 11(in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гудошник А.Н., Бикмулина Ф.М., Штучная А.А. и др. К бактериологической и эпидемиологической характеристике очагов коровьего бруцеллеза. Материалы межинститутской конференции по бруцеллезу. Москва.; 1971: 11-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gudoshnik A.N., Bikmulina F.M., Shtuchnaya A.A. To the bacteriological and epidemiological characteristic of the centers of a bovin brucellosis. Moscow; 1971: 11 – 13 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пинигин П.Ф., Петухова О.С., Меринов С.П. и др. К таксономическому положению бруцелл, выделенных от северных оленей. Журн. микробиол. 1986; 6: 98-102.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pinigin P.F., Petuhova O.S., Merinov S.P. To taxonomical position of the brucellas allocated from reindeers. Zhurn. mikrobiol. 1986; 6: 98 – 102 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Luna Sanchez A., Rodrigues de Cepeda A., Suarez Morano T. Analysis of a disease outbreak оf brucellosis in slaughterhouse workers. Rev. Exp. Saind. Publica. 1998; 72 (2): 137 - 146.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Luna Sanchez A., Rodrigues de Cepeda A., Suarez Morano T. Analysis of a disease outbreak оf brucellosis in slaughterhouse workers. Rev. Exp. Saind. Publica. 1998; 72 (2): 137 – 146.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yagupsky P, Peled N., Riesenberg K. et al. Exposure of hospital personnell to Brucella melitensis and occurence of laboratory acquired disease in an endemic area. J. Infect. Dis. 2000; 32 (1): 31 - 35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yagupsky P., Peled N., Riesenberg K. et al. Exposure of hospital personnell to Brucella melitensis and occurence of laboratory acquired disease in an endemic area. J. Infect. Dis. 2000; 32 (1): 31 – 35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palandus A., Palandus S., Guler K. et al. Brucellosis in a mother and her young infant: probable transmission by breast milk. J. Infect. Dis. 2000; 4 (1): 55-56.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palandus A., Palandus S., Guler K. et al. Brucellosis in a mother and her young infant: probable transmission by breast milk. J. Infect. Dis. 2000; 4 (1): 55 – 56.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mantur B.G., Mangalgi S.S., Mulimani B. Brucella melitensis - a sexually transmissible agent. Lancet. 1996; 347: 1763.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mantur B.G., Mangalgi S.S., Mulimani B. Brucella melitensis – a sexually transmissible agent. Lancet. 1996; 347: 1763.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ertem M., Kurekci A.E., Ausev D. et al. Brucellosis transmitted by bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000; 26 (2): 22 - 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ertem M., Kurekci A.E., Ausev D. et al. Brucellosis transmitted by bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000; 26 (2): 22 – 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гапочка К.Г., Огарков В.И. Экспериментальное воспроизведение аэрогенной инфекции (обзор). Журн. микробиол. 1972; 11: 84 - 92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gapochka K.G., Ogarkov V.I. Experimental reproduction of an aerogenic infection (review). Zhurn. mikrobiol. 1972; 11: 84 – 92 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Онищенко Г.Г., Сандахчиев Л.С., Нетесов С.В., Мартынюк Р.А. Биотерроризм: национальная и глобальная угроза. Вестник Российской академии наук. 2003; 73 (3): 195 - 204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Onischenko G.G., Sandahchiev L.S., Netesov S.V., Martyinyuk R.A. Bioterrorism: national and global threat. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences.2003; 73 (3): 195 – 204 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильев Н.Т., Тарасов М.Ю., Поклонский Д.Л. Биологический терроризм: прошлое и будущее. Химическая и биологическая безопасность. 2002; 6: 3 - 10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasilev N.T., Tarasov M.Yu., Poklonskiy D.L. Biological terrorism: past and future. Hemical and Biological Safety. 2002; 6: 3 – 10 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Супотницкий М.В. Биологическая война. Введение в эпидемиологию искусственных эпидемических процессов и биологических поражений: монография. М.: «Кафедра», «Русская панорама»; 2013: 1136.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Supotnitsky M.V. Biological warfare. Introduction to epidemiology of artificial epidemic processes and biological defeats: monography. Moscow; Kafedra, «Russian panoram»; 2013: 1136 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Center For Disease Control and Prevention. Biological and chemical terrorism: Strategic plan for preparedness and response. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2000; 49 (RR-4):1 - 14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Center For Disease Control and Prevention. Biological and chemical terrorism: Strategic plan for preparedness and response. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2000; 49 (RR-4):1 – 14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кауфман А.Ф., Мельцер М.И., Шмид Дж.П. Экономическое значение биотеррористического нападения: оправдана ли реализация программы мер профилактики и ликвидации последствий. Воор. и военн. техника. 1997; 2: 32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaufman A.F., Meltser M.I., Shmid Dzh.P. Economic value of bioterrorist attack: whether implementation of the program of measures of prevention and elimination of consequences is justified. Weapons and military equipment. 1997; 2: 32 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suspected Brucellosis Case Prompts Investigation of Possible Bioterrorism-Related Activity-New Hampshire and Massachusetts. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 1999; 49 (23): 509 - 512.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suspected Brucellosis Case Prompts Investigation of Possible Bioterrorism-Related Activity-New Hampshire and Massachusetts. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 1999; 49 (23): 509 – 512.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Головченко Н.Н., Короткин Л.М. Противоэпидемические мероприятия при ликвидации последствий биотеррористического акта. Сборник докладов I Российского симпозиума по биологической безопасности. Москва.; 2003. Доступно на: Journal@bio.su</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Golovchenko N.N., Korotkin L.M. Anti-epidemic actions at elimination of consequences of a bioact of terrorism. Moscow; 2003. Available at: Journal@bio.su (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stringer K. Biological Weapons and agricultural Terrorism. 1998: 92 - 94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stringer K. Biological Weapons and agricultural Terrorism. 1998: 92-94.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
