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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2022-21-5-89-97</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-1678</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИИ И ВАКЦИНОПРОФИЛАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND VACCINE PREVENTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реальность и перспективы пневмококковой вакцинации в условиях пандемии COVID-19 пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью лёгких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Reality and Prospects of Pneumococcal Vaccination during the COVID-19 Pandemic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7169-3586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Алексеевна Орлова – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой фармакологии</p><p>414000, г. Астрахань, ул. Бакинская, 121</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Orlova  – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Pharmacology</p><p>121, st. Baku, Astrakhan, 414000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eorlova56@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-0592</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорфман</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorfman</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Инна Петровна Дорфман – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры клинической фармакологии</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna P. Dorfman – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inna1977@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4549</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаталова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatalova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Викторовна Шаталова  – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры клинической фармакологии и  интенсивной терапии</p><p>Волгоград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Shatalova – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Intensive therapy</p><p>Volgograd</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shov_med@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8995-6572</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Александрович Орлов –доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой медицинской реабилитации</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Orlov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Medical Rehabilitation</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">orlovdoc56@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8998-8881</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамина</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamina</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Регина Муратовна Мамина  – заместитель главного врача по  медицинской части ГБУЗ АО «Городская поликлиника 5»</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Regina M. Mamina – Vice-chief Physician for the medical part of State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Astrakhan region «City polyclinic No. 5»</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">regaisha@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5467-4586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мочалова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mochalova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Николаевна Мочалова – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры факультетской терапии с курсом профессиональных болезней и последипломного образования ФГБОУ ВО АГМУ Минздрава России; заведующая пульмонологическим отделением ГБУО АО ГКБ №3</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia N. Mochalova – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Faculty Therapy and occupational diseases with postgraduate course, Astrakhan State Medical University</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mochalova.pulmo@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astrakhan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Волгоградского ГМУ Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГБУЗ АО «Городская поликлиника 5»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astrakhan State Medical University;&#13;
State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Astrakhan region «City polyclinic No. 5»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГБУЗ АО ГКБ № 3</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astrakhan State Medical University;&#13;
State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Astrakhan region «City Clinical Hospital No. 3 named after S.M. Kirov»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Орлова Е.А., Дорфман И.П., Шаталова О.В., Орлов М.А., Мамина Р.М., Мочалова Н.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орлова Е.А., Дорфман И.П., Шаталова О.В., Орлов М.А., Мамина Р.М., Мочалова Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orlova E.A., Dorfman I.P., Shatalova O.V., Orlov M.A., Mamina R.M., Mochalova N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1678">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1678</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Во всём мире пневмококковая инфекция (ПИ) входит в число ведущих причин инвалидизации и смертности людей старшего возраста. В Астраханской области, как и в других регионах РФ, отмечается низкий охват (1,3%) вакцинацией против пневмококковой инфекции взрослого населения. Влияние ПИ на развитие пневмоний у пациентов с ХОБЛ оказалось наиболее значимым на фоне пандемии COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка уровня информированности врачей в вопросах вакцинопрофилактики пневмококковой инфекции, а также анализ вакцинального статуса пациентов с ХОБЛ в условиях пандемии COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Анализировались результаты анкетирования, проведённого в поликлиниках и пульмонологических отделениях многопрофильных стационаров г. Астрахани с октября 2021 г. по февраль 2022 г. Всего в исследовании приняли участие 201 врач, а также 173 пациента, страдающих ХОБЛ. Ответы врачей сравнивались с результатами проведённого анкетирования в 2018 г.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Результаты анализа анкет показывают, что пневмококковую вакцинацию прошли 26% опрошенных пациентов с ХОБЛ. После вакцинации обострения ХОБЛ в течение года отсутствовали у 51,1% вакцинированных и только у 35,2% невакцинированных. Частота развития внебольничной пневмонии (ВП) у вакцинированных составила 13,3%, у невакцинированных – 32,4%. Среди перенёсших COVID-19 в госпитализации нуждались 35,2% вакцинированных пациентов и 63,4%. невакцинированных. В целом результаты анкетирования врачей продемонстрировали высокий уровень осведомлённости о пневмококковой вакцинации, при этом треть опрошенных имела пробелы в знаниях о вакцинации против пневмококковой инфекции.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Данное исследование показало достоверный уровень клинической эффективности вакцинации против пневмококковой инфекции, характеризующийся снижением у вакцинированных частоты обострений ХОБЛ и развития ВП, а также уменьшением количества госпитализаций. Привитые пациенты отмечали более лёгкое течение коронавирусной инфекции, что определяет высокую перспективность дальнейшего исследования вакцинопрофилактики против пневмококковой инфекции как одной из важных мер противодействия пандемии COVID-19. Вопрос информированности специалистов о вакцинопрофилактике требует дальнейшего усовершенствования образовательных программ, посвящённых соответствующей тематике в рамках непрерывного медицинского образования. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Pneumococcal infection (PI) is one of the leading causes of disability and death of older people worldwide. In the Astrakhan region, as in other regions of the Russian Federation, there is a low coverage of pneumococcal vaccination (PV) and amounts to 1.3% of the adult population. This study reflects the regional problem of PV, an evaluation of its effectiveness in reducing exacerbations and the development of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in patients with COPD. The impact of pneumococcal infection (PI) in the development of pneumonia turned out in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic so far to be the most significant.</p><p>Aim of this work was to evaluate the level of doctor’s awareness in the issues of pneumococcal vaccination, as well as the results of its implementation in patients with COPD during COVID-19 pandemic.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was conducted in the form of a survey in the period from October 2021 to February 2022. A survey was conducted through a questionnaire poll in polyclinics and pulmonology departments of multidisciplinary hospitals in Astrakhan. A total of 201 doctors and 173 patients suffering from COPD participated in the study. The doctors' responses were compared with the results of the survey conducted in 2018.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. This study shows that 26% of the surveyed patients with COPD were vaccinated with pneumococcal vaccine. Analysis of clinical effects after vaccination shows that exacerbations of COPD were absent during the year in 51.1% of vaccinated patients, and 35.2% in non-vaccinated group. The prevalence of CAP in vaccinated patients was 13.3% vs 32.4% in patients who did not receive vaccination.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. This study showed a significant level of clinical efficacy of PV, characterized by a reduced incidence of COPD exacerbations and the development of VP in vaccinated patients, as well as a lower number of hospitalizations. Vaccinated patients reported mild severity of coronavirus infection, which determines the high prospects for further PV research as one of the important measures to counteract the COVID-19 pandemic. The problem of awareness in specialists about pneumococcal vaccination requires further improvement of educational programs on the relevant topic in the framework of continuing medical education. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пневмококковая вакцинопрофилактика</kwd><kwd>ХОБЛ</kwd><kwd>анкетирование</kwd><kwd>пациенты</kwd><kwd>врачи Конфликт интересов не заявлен</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pneumococcal vaccination</kwd><kwd>COPD</kwd><kwd>questionnaire poll</kwd><kwd>patients</kwd><kwd>medical workers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудакова А. В., Брико Н. И., Лобзин Ю. В. и др. Фармакоэкономическая эффективность вакцинации пожилых граждан против пневмококковой инфекции в Российской Федерации. 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