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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-3-50-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-1824</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИИ И ВАКЦИНОПРОФИЛАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND VACCINE PREVENTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Постинфекционный и поствакцинальный гуморальный иммунный ответ при COVID-19 у взрослых: качественная и количественная оценка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Postinfectious and Postvaccinal Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Adults: Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермолович</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yermalovich</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ермолович Марина Анатольевна, д. м. н., главный научный сотрудник</p><p>220114, г. Минск, ул. Филимонова, 23</p><p>+375 17 325-70-97, факс +375 17 320-88-99</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Yermalovich – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Chief researcher</p><p>23, Filimoniva str., Minsk, 220114, Republic of Belarus</p><p>+375 17 325-70-97, fax: +375 17 320-88-99</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yermalovich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колодкина</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolodkina</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Леонидовна Колодкина – гл. научн. сотр.</p><p>+375 17 357-69 -7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina L. Kolodkina – Chief researcher</p><p>+375 17 357-69-87</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vkolodkina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлович</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoilovich</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Олеговна Самойлович – зав. лабораторией</p><p>+375 17 320-88-99</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena O. Samoilovich – Head of the laboratory</p><p>+375 17 320-88-99</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esamoilovich@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семейко</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semeiko</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Валерьевна Семейко – вед. научн. сотр.</p><p>+375 17 325-70-97</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina V. Semeiko – Leading researcher</p><p>+375 17 325-70-97</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g-semeiko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михаленко</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhalenko</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Олеговна Михаленко – стажер мл. научн. сотр.</p><p>+375 17 325-70-97</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna O. Mikhalenko – Trainee junior researcher</p><p>+375 17 325-70-97</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.mikhalenko97@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Research and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ермолович М.А., Колодкина В.Л., Самойлович Е.О., Семейко Г.В., Михаленко А.О., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ермолович М.А., Колодкина В.Л., Самойлович Е.О., Семейко Г.В., Михаленко А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yermalovich M.A., Kolodkina V.L., Samoilovich E.O., Semeiko G.V., Mikhalenko A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1824">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1824</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Серологическим исследованиям принадлежит важная роль в оценке распространения SARS-CoV-2 и формирования постинфекционного и поствакцинального иммунного ответа. </p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Сравнительная оценка серопревалентности и концентрации антител к SARS-CoV-2 через 3–6 месяцев после перенесенной инфекции или вакцинации. </p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. На наличие суммарных IgM и IgG антител к RBD фрагменту S-белка SARS-CoV-2 исследованы сыворотки крови 1331 человек в возрасте 18–70 лет, из которых 334 перенесли COVID-19 за 3–6 месяцев до исследования, 305 не болели и были привиты (вакцины Спутник V, Россия или Sinopharm, КНР) за 3–6 месяцев до исследования, 692 человека не болели и не вакцинировались. Для 435 образцов выполнена количественная оценка IgG к полноразмерному S=белку SARS-CoV-2.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Через 3–6 месяцев после COVID-19 или вакцинации доля серопозитивных лиц практически не различалась: антитела имели 92,5% и 93,8% обследованных соответствующей группы. Среди неболевших и непривитых 45,7% также имели специфические антитела, что свидетельствует о высоком уровне бессимптомного течения COVID-19. Группа вакцинированных была также обследована непосредственно перед введением вакцины, и 39,7% из них уже имели специфические антитела, обусловленные бессимптомно перенесённым COVID-19. Медиана концентрации антител в группе переболевших COVID-19 статистически значимо выше, чем у перенесших инфекцию бессимптомно (50,9 АЕ/мл против 29,1 АЕ/мл). Наибольшая доля серопозитивных (100,0%) и наиболее высокая концентрация антител (110 АЕ/мл) были выявлены в группе лиц, привитых на фоне имеющихся антител. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Инфекция, обусловленная SARS-CoV-2, характеризуется высокой частотой субклинического течения. Бессимптомное течение COVID-19 индуцировало более слабый иммунный ответ по сравнению с симптоматическим или вакцинацией. Наиболее стойким и выраженным являлся гибридный иммунитет, обусловленный естественным инфицированием SARS-CoV-2 и последующей вакцинацией.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Serological studies play an important role in assessing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and formation of post-infection and post-vaccination immune response.</p><p>The Aims aim of the study was a comparative assessment of seroprevalence and concentration of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 at 3–6 months after infection or vaccination.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; Methods</title><p>Materials &amp; Methods. For the presence of total IgM and IgG antibodies to RBD fragment of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein, the blood sera of 1331 people aged 18-70 years were examined, of which 334 had COVID-19 3–6 months before the study, 305 did not have COVID-19 and were vaccinated (using Sputnik V, Russia, or Sinopharm, PRC) 3–6 months before the study, 692 people were not ill and were not vaccinated. A quantitative assessment of IgG antibodies to the full-size S-protein of SARS-CoV-2 was performed for 435 samples.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The proportion of seropositive individuals 3–6 months after COVID-19 or after vaccination did not differ: 92.5% and 93.8% of the corresponding group had antibodies. Among the non-ill and unvaccinated, 45.7% also had specific antibodies, which indicates a high level of asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2. The group of vaccinated was also examined immediately before the introduction of the vaccine, and 39.7% of them already had specific antibodies due to asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2. The median concentration of antibodies in the group of COVID-19 was statistically significantly higher than in asymptomatically infected (50.9 AE/ml versus 29.1 AE/ml). The largest proportion of seropositive individuals (100.0%) and the highest concentration of antibodies (110 AE/ml) were detected in the group of vaccinated who had pre-existing antibodies.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 is characterized by a high frequency of subclinical course. Asymptomatic infection induced a weaker immune response compared to symptomatic COVID-19 or vaccination. Hybrid immunity caused by natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and subsequent vaccination was the most persistent and pronounced.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd><kwd>иммунный ответ</kwd><kwd>IgG антитела</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>vaccination</kwd><kwd>immune response</kwd><kwd>IgG antibodies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma, A. Farouk I.A., Lal S.K. COVID-19: A Review on the Novel Coronavirus Disease Evolution, Transmission, Detection, Control and Prevention. Viruses. 2021;13(2):202. doi: 10.3390/v13020202.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma, A. Farouk I.A., Lal S.K. COVID-19: A Review on the Novel Coronavirus Disease Evolution, Transmission, Detection, Control and Prevention. 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