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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-5-63-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-1879</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИИ И ВАКЦИНОПРОФИЛАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND VACCINE PREVENTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка состояния противодифтерийного иммунитета в разных возрастных группах населения Российской Федерации по данным серомониторинга 2015–2021 годов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of the State of Antidiphtheria Immunity in Different Age Groups of the Population of the Russian Federation Based on Seromonitoring Data for 2015–2021</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4167-3124</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артем Александрович Басов – к. м. н., руководитель лаборатории эпиднадзора за дифтерией и коклюшем</p><p>+7 (495) 459-21-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem A. Basov – Cand. Sci. (M of ed.), Head of department of the Diphtheria and Whooping Cough Surveillance Laboratory</p><p>10, Admirala Makarova, Moscow, 125212, +7 (495) 459-21-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.basov_pochta@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3050-0164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нина Михайловна Максимова – д. м. н., главный научный сотрудник лаборатории эпиднадзора за дифтерией и коклюшем</p><p>+7 (495) 459-21-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina M. Maksimova – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Chief Researcher of the Diphtheriand Whooping Cough Surveillance Laboratory</p><p>+7 (495) 459-21-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">4592146@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Высочанская</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vysochanskaya</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соня Олеговна Высочанская – старший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпиднадзора за дифтерией и коклюшем, лаборант-исследователь</p><p>+7 (495) 459-21-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sonya O. Vysochanskaya – senior researcher of the Diphtheria and Whooping Cough Surveillance Laboratory</p><p>+7 (495) 459-21-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.olochnik@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цвиркун</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsvirkun</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Валентиновна Цвиркун – д. м. н., руководитель эпидемиологического отдела</p><p>+7 (495) 452-18-09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Tsvirkun – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Epidemiological Department</p><p>+7 (495) 452-18-09</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.tsvirkun@gabrich.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2952-7853</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яцковский</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatskovsky</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирилл Александрович Яцковский – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпиднадзора за дифтерией и коклюшем</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill A. Yatskovsky – junior researcher of the Diphtheria and Whooping Cough Surveillance Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">4592146@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2986-019X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адугюзелов</surname><given-names>С. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aduguzelov</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самир Эснединович Адугюзелов – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпиднадзора за дифтерией и коклюшем</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samir E. Aduguzelov – junior researcher of the Diphtheria and Whooping Cough Surveillance Laboratory</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">89258522821@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Московский научно­исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. Н. Габричевского» Роспотребнадзора ; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет),</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.N. Gabrichevsky Institute for epidemiology and microbiology ; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Московский научно­исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. Н. Габричевского» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.N. Gabrichevsky Institute for epidemiology and microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Московский научно­исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. Н. Габричевского» Роспотребнадзора ; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.N. Gabrichevsky Institute for epidemiology and microbiology ; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Московский научно­исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. Н. Габричевского» Роспотребнадзора ; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.N. Gabrichevsky Institute for epidemiology and microbiology ; RUDN, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Московский научно­-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. Н. Габричевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.N. Gabrichevsky Institute for epidemiology and microbiolog</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Басов А.А., Максимова Н.М., Высочанская С.О., Цвиркун О.В., Яцковский К.А., Адугюзелов С.Э., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Басов А.А., Максимова Н.М., Высочанская С.О., Цвиркун О.В., Яцковский К.А., Адугюзелов С.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Basov A.A., Maksimova N.M., Vysochanskaya S.O., Tsvirkun O.V., Yatskovsky K.A., Aduguzelov S.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1879">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1879</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Дифтерия относится к числу опасных заболеваний, угрожающих жизни человека. Иммунизация является единственным средством создания благоприятной эпидемиологической ситуации. Обеспечение невосприимчивости населения к этой инфекции предупреждает подъемы заболеваемости и ее распространение среди населения. Одним из способов оценки состояния специфического иммунитета к дифтерии служит ежегодный серологический мониторинг. Цель. Оценка состояния специфического антитоксического иммунитета к дифтерии в различных возрастных группах населения Российской Федерации по данным серомониторинга 2015–2021 гг. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы данные за 2015–2021 гг. серологического мониторинга заболеваемости дифтерией и состояния привитости населения по индикаторным группам 85 субъектов РФ. В течение семи лет исследования обследовано на наличие антител к дифтерии 439 874 человека, в том числе в возрастной группе 3–4 года – 73 559 детей, 15–17 лет – 74 424 подростков и 18 лет и старше – 291 891 взрослых. За этот же период было исследовано 12 154 контрольных сывороток крови, полученных из 20 субъектов РФ. В возрастной группе 3–4 года – 1834 сыворотки, 15–17 лет – 1366, 18–29 лет – 1711, 30–39 лет – 1724, 40–49 лет – 1918, 50–59 лет – 1798, 60 лет и старше – 1803 сыворотки. Наличие антител к дифтерии определяли в реакции пассивной гемагглютинации. За защитный уровень антитоксических антител принимали титр 1:20 и более, напряженность противодифтерийного иммунитета оценивали следующим образом: титр антител 1:20 – 1:40 – низкая, 1:80 – 1:160 – средняя и 1:320 и более – высокая. Результаты и обсуждение. Полученные в ходе исследования данные позволили охарактеризовать популяционный иммунитет населения Российской Федерации, в целом по стране, как достаточный для предупреждения распространения дифтерии. Основным фактором, способствующим этому, стал многолетний высокий охват прививками против дифтерии лиц в декретированных возрастных группах (более 95%). При сравнении уровня иммунизации населения в зависимости от возраста было установлено: процент вакцинированных лиц в возрастной группе людей от 50 лет и старше был статистически значимо ниже, чем в группе людей моложе 50 лет. Данные серологических исследований в целом по России показали высокую долю лиц с защитным титром антител к дифтерии в каждой возрастной группе – 3–4 года – 96,7 ± 0.1%, 15–17 лет – 98,3 ± 0,1%, 18–29 лет – 96,0 ± 0,4% – 97,5 ± 0,3%, 30–39 – 95,9 ± 0,4% – 97,5 ± 0,3%, 40–49 лет – 95,7 ± 0,4% – 97,7 ± 0,3%. Наибольшая доля серонегативных лиц выявляется среди лиц 50–60 лет и старше. Заключение. При планировании кампаний по «подчищающей» иммунизации целесообразно предусмотреть обязательную ревакцинацию серонегативных лиц старше 50 лет. Своевременная ревакцинация согласно Национальному календарю профилактических прививок, слежение за долей восприимчивых к дифтерии лиц во всех индикаторных группах с последующим проведением ревакцинации серонегативных лиц позволит поддерживать высокий уровень популяционного иммунитета (более 95%) и обеспечить стабильно низкую заболеваемость дифтерией.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Diphtheria is one of the dangerous diseases that threaten human life. Immunization is the only means of creating a favorable epidemiological situation. Ensuring the immunity of the population to this infection prevents the occurrence of the rise and spread of diphtheria among the population. One of the ways to assess the state of specific immunity to diphtheria is annual serological monitoring. Aims. Assessment of the state of antidiphtheria immunity in different age groups of the population of the Russian Federation based on seromonitoring data for 2015–2021. Materials and methods. The data of serological monitoring of diphtheria and the state of vaccination of the population by indicator groups from 85 subjects of the Russian Federation in 2015–2021 were analyzed. In just 7 years, in terms of seromonitoring in Russia, 439,874 people were examined for the presence of antibodies to diphtheria, including 73,559 children in the age group of 3–4 years, 74,424 adolescents aged 15–17 years, and 291,891 adults aged 18 and older. During the same period, 12,154 controlled blood sera from 20 subjects of the Russian Federation were examined. In the age group of 3–4 years – 1834 children, 15–17 years – 1366 teenagers, 18–29 years – 1711 adults, 30–39 years – 1724 adults, 40–49 years – 1918 adults, 50–59 years – 1798 adults, 60 years and older – 1803 adults. The presence of antibodies to diphtheria was determined in the course of passive hemagglutination. The protective titers of antibodies were taken to be dilution of sera with a titer of 1:20 or more, the intensity of anti-diphtheria immunity was assessed as follows: antibody titers in dilution of sera 1:20–1:40 – low titers, 1:80–1:160 – medium and 1:320 or more – high titers of antibodies of JSC «Biomed» im. I. I. Mechnikov. Results and discussion. In Russia, improving the surveillance system for diphtheria continues to be an urgent task of the private epidemiology of this infection. The data obtained during the study allowed us to characterize the population immunity of the population of the Russian Federation, as a whole across the country, as sufficient to prevent the occurrence and spread of diphtheria. The main factor contributing to this was the long-term high coverage of vaccinations against diphtheria of persons in the decreed age groups (more than 95% of those vaccinated from the number of persons to be vaccinated in each age group). When comparing the level of immunization of the population depending on age, it was found that the percentage of vaccinated persons in the age group of people 50 years and older was statistically significantly lower than in the group of people younger than 50 years. The data of serological studies in Russia as a whole showed a high proportion of people with protective titers of antibodies to diphtheria in each age group – 3–4 years – 96.7 ± 0.1%, 15–17 years – 98.3 ± 0.1%, 18–29 years – 96,0 ± 0,4% – 97,5 ± 0,3%, 30–39 – 95,9 ± 0,4% – 97,5 ± 0.3%, 40–49 years old – 95,7 ± 0,4% – 97,7 ± 0,3%. The largest proportion of seronegative individuals is detected among groups aged 50–59 years and 60 years and older. The analysis of the share of seronegative persons in certain subjects of the Russian Federation revealed that the number of territories with a share of seronegative persons of more than 10% in the age groups of 50–59 years and 60 years and older was significantly higher than in other age groups. Conclusion. Thus, when planning companies for «сatch-up» immunization, it is advisable to provide mandatory revaccination of seronegative persons over 50 years of age. Timely revaccination according to the National Vaccination Calendar, tracking the proportion of persons susceptible to diphtheria in all indicator groups, followed by revaccination of seronegative persons in older ages will allow maintaining a high level of population immunity (more than 95%) and ensuring a consistently low incidence of diphtheria in the country for many years.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дифтерия</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>носительство</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>привитость</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diphtheria</kwd><kwd>morbidity</kwd><kwd>carrier</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>vaccination</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weekly epidemiological record. No 44, 2022, 97, 567–574. 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