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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2024-23-2-78-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-1978</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИИ И ВАКЦИНОПРОФИЛАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND VACCINE PREVENTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиологическая оценка факторов, ассоциированных с миопией, у студентов-медиков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiological Assessment of Factors Associated with Myopia in Medical Students</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-6911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аглиуллина</surname><given-names>С. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agliullina</surname><given-names>S. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аглиуллина Саида Тахировна – к. м. н., доцент кафедры эпидемиологии и доказательной медицины, ФГБОУ ВО Казанский ГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, 49</p><p>Тел. +7 (843) 236-68-92</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saida T. Agliullina – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Department of Kazan State Medical University.</p><p>49, Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012</p><p>Tel. +7 (843) 236-68-92</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saida.agliullina@kazangmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0050-1350</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лушанина</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lushanina</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лушанина Ксения Алексеевна – ординатор кафедры общей гигиены, ФГБОУ ВО Казанский ГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>Казань</p><p>Тел. +7 (843) 236-73-80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia A. Lushanina – Resident of the General Hygiene Department of Kazan State Medical University.</p><p>Kazan</p><p>Tel. +7 (843) 236-73-80</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kseniya.19@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1733-2576</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хасанова</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khasanova</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хасанова Гульшат Рашатовна – д. м. н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой эпидемиологии и доказательной медицины, ФГБОУ ВО Казанский ГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>Казань</p><p>Тел. +7 (843) 236-76-41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulshat R. Khasanova – Dr. Sci. (Med), Professor, Head of the Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Department of Kazan State Medical University.</p><p>Kazan</p><p>Tel. +7 (843) 236-76-41</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gulshatra@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2073-2538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шулаев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shulaev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шулаев Алексей Владимирович – д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой общей гигиены, ФГБОУ ВО Казанский ГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>Казань</p><p>Тел. +7 (843) 236-73-22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Shulaev – Dr. Sci. (Med), Professor, Head of the General Hygiene Department of Kazan State Medical University.</p><p>Kazan</p><p>Tel. +7 (843) 236-73-22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shulaev8@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9950-8992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотников</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плотников Денис Юрьевич – к. м. н., заведующий лабораторией интегративной эпидемиологии Центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории, ФГБОУ ВО Казанский ГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>Казань</p><p>Тел. +7 (843) 238-83-71</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis Yu. Plotnikov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Integrative Epidemiology in the Central Research Laboratory of Kazan State Medical University.</p><p>Kazan</p><p>Tel. +7 (843) 238-83-71</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denis.plotnikov@kazangmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аглиуллина С.Т., Лушанина К.А., Хасанова Г.Р., Шулаев А.В., Плотников Д.Ю., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аглиуллина С.Т., Лушанина К.А., Хасанова Г.Р., Шулаев А.В., Плотников Д.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Agliullina S.T., Lushanina K.A., Khasanova G.R., Shulaev A.V., Plotnikov D.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1978">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/1978</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Миопия у студентов может привести к различным проблемам со зрением и повлиять на качество жизни и учебные достижения. Цель. Анализ факторов, ассоциированных с миопией у студентов медицинского вуза для разработки эффективных методов профилактики этого заболевания. Материалы и методы. Проведено описательно-аналитическое эпидемиологическое исследование с использованием поперечно-срезового метода. Анализировались данные не анонимного анкетирования, посвященного проблеме миопии. В исследовании участвовали 323 студента 1–6 курсов медицинского вуза. Анкета разработана на основе анализа опубликованных данных эпидемиологических исследований, оценивающих различные факторы риска развития миопии, и включала в себя паспортную часть, вопросы, касающиеся семейного анамнеза, здоровья и образа жизни. Данные анкетирования были дополнены информацией из форм № 025/у «Медицинская карта пациента, получающего медицинскую помощь в амбулаторных условиях». В анкетировании участвовали 323 студента. Результаты анкетирования были подвергнуты дескриптивному анализу и для контроля конфаундеров и выявления факторов, ассоциированных с миопией, - многофакторному логистическому регрессионному анализу. Для каждого фактора рассчитаны скорректированные показатели отношения шансов (сОШ) и 95% доверительный интервал (95% ДИ). Результаты. Медиана возраста студентов составила 21 год [Q1–Q3 = 19–23], min возраст = 17 лет, max = 31 год. Осмотр офтальмолога выявил близорукость (миопию) у 68,7% опрошенных студентов (95% ДИ 63,4–73,7). Нормальная масса тела и дефицит массы тела были ассоциированы с миопией в сравнении со студентами с избыточной массой тела или ожирением: сОШ 2,433 (95% ДИ 1,096–5,403, p = 0,029) и сОШ 2,774 (95% ДИ 1,231–6,253, р = 0,014) соответственно, что свидетельствует о связи антропометрических показателей с развитием миопии. При оценке продолжительности сна (в будни) шансы наличия миопии у студентов уменьшались при наличии 8-часового сна в 2,32 раза (сОШ 0,431; 95% ДИ 0,190–0,979; p = 0,044). Было установлено, что у тех, кто ходит 10 000 шагов и более в день, в 7,46 раза меньше шанс развития миопии, в сравнении с теми, кто ходит менее 2000 шагов в день. Заключение. Нами выявлена высокая распространенность миопии среди студентов медицинского вуза. Анализ результатов анкетирования свидетельствует о том, что пропаганда здорового образа жизни, включая достаточный сон и регулярную физическую активность, может быть эффективной профилактикой возникновения или прогрессирования близорукости.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Myopia in students can lead to various problems with vision and affect quality of life and academic achievement. Aim. To analyze factors associated with the presence of myopia among medical students to develop effective methods of prevention of this disease. Materials and methods. A non-anonymous questionnaire was conducted on myopia among medical students of the first to sixth year. The questionnaire was developed based on the analysis of published data and included the demographic information, questions concerning the medical history, family history and lifestyle. The questionnaire data were supplemented with information from recording medical forms No. 025 «Medical records of patients receiving outpatient care». The data of 323 medical students were analyzed. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for each factor were calculated. Results. The median age of students was 21 years [Q1–Q3 = 19–23], min age = 17 years, max = 31 years. According to the ophthalmologist's examination, 68.7% of students had myopia (95% CI 63.4–73.7). Healthy weight and underweight were associated with the presence of myopia compared to those who are overweight or obese: aOR 2.433 (95% CI 1.096–5.403, p = 0.029) and aOR 2.774 (95% CI 1.231–6.253, p = 0.014), respectively. The presence of 8-hour sleep is associated with a decrease in the chances of having myopia by 2,321 times (aOR 0.431; 95% CI 0.190–0.979; p = 0.044). A large number of steps per day was associated with the absence of myopia. Those who walk 10,000 steps or more per day are 7.46 times less likely to have myopia than those who walk less than 2,000 steps per day. Conclusion. We report a high prevalence of myopia in medical students. The findings suggest that health promotion, including adequate sleep and regular physical activity, can be an effective strategy to prevent the occurrence or progression of myopia and other eye complications.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миопия</kwd><kwd>близорукость</kwd><kwd>распространенность</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>студенты-медики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myopia</kwd><kwd>nearsightedness</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>medical students</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Миопия. Клинические рекомендации. Доступно на: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/109_1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Myopia. Clinical recommendations. 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