epidemiologyЭпидемиология и ВакцинопрофилактикаEpidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention2073-30462619-0494«Numicom» LLC10.31631/2073-3046-2024-23-3-129-136epidemiology-2021Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWБелковые менингококковые вакцины серогруппы В и формирование иммунной защиты против гонореиSerogroup B Protein Meningococcal Vaccines and the Formation of Immune Protection against Gonorrheahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1461-7709КостюковаН. Н.KostyukovaN. N.

Наталья Николаевна Костюкова – д. м. н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник

Москва

+7 (499) 193-61-51

+7 (499) 249-69-24

+7 (915) 375-38-97

Natalia N. Kostyukova – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Leading Researcher

Moscow

+7 (499) 193-61-51

+7 (499) 249-69-24

7 (915) 375-38-97

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4491-9919БехалоВ. А.BekhaloV. A.

Владимир Андреевич Бехало – ведущий научный сотрудник

Москва

+7 (962) 908-70-45

Vladimir A. Bekhalo – Leading Researcher

Moscow

+7 (962) 908-70-45

ФГБУ «НИЦ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава РоссииРоссияN.F. Gamaleya National Rerearch Center of Epidemiology and MicrobiologyRussian Federation202410072024233129136Copyright © Костюкова Н.Н., Бехало В.А., 20242024Костюкова Н.Н., Бехало В.А.Kostyukova N.N., Bekhalo V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2021

Актуальность. Гонорея – широко распространенная инфекция. Ежегодно возникает свыше 80 млн случаев этого заболевания. Проблема усугубляется ростом устойчивости гонококка к антибиотикам во всем мире. Единственным выходом в этой ситуации может оказаться иммунизация отдельных групп населения. Несмотря на многочисленные усилия специалистов, на сегодняшнее время не существует ни одной зарегистрированной вакцины против гонореи, что связано с особенностями возбудителя. Однако за последние 30 лет накопились достоверные наблюдения, что вакцины, содержащие белки наружной клеточной мембраны N. meningititidis серогруппы В, разработанные для борьбы с менингококковой инфекцией, могут также предупредить значительную долю случаев гонореи. Цель. Дать краткий обзор публикаций о снижении заболеваемости гонореей у лиц, получивших вакцины, содержащие везикулы наружной мембраны (ВНМ) Neisseria meningitidis cерогруппы В, с последующим анализом сведений о природе этих белков и методах их изучения, как о многообещающей платформе для создания вакцины против гонококка. Выводы. Существует теоретическая и реальная возможность создания профилактического препарата против гонореи. Наш анализ научных публикаций показал, что в 2006–2016 гг. от 31% до 59% лиц, привитых белковой менингококковой вакциной В, были защищены от гонореи. Необходимо продолжать изучение ВНМ менингококка в плане их превентивных свойств против гонореи, усовершенствовать набор моделей для выявления их защитного действия, находить адъюванты, усиливающие иммуногенность потенциальных кандидатов в вакцины.

Relevance. Gonorrhea is a widespread infection. More than 80 million cases of this disease occur annually. The problem is compounded by the growing resistance of gonococcus to antibiotics worldwide. The only way out in this situation may be the immunization of certain groups of the population against this infection. Despite the numerous efforts of specialists, there is currently no registered vaccine against gonorrhea, which is due to the characteristics of the pathogen. However, over the past 30 years, reliable observations have accumulated that vaccines containing N. meningititidis serogroup B outer membrane proteins (OMP), developed for prophylaxis meningococcal infection, can also prevent a significant proportion of gonorrhea cases. Aims. To give a brief overview of publications on the reduction of the incidence of gonorrhea in individuals who received vaccines containing N. meningitidis serogroup B outer membrane vesicles, followed by an analysis of information about the nature of these proteins and methods of their study, as a promising platform for creating a vaccine against gonococcus. Conclusions. There is a theoretical and real possibility of creating a preventive drug against gonorrhea. Our analysis of literature sources showed that during the period 2006–2016 from 31% to 59% of those vaccinated with the protein meningococcal vaccine В were protected from gonorrhea. It is necessary to continue studying meningococcal OMV in terms of their preventive properties against gonorrhea, improve the set of models to identify their protective effect, and find adjuvants that enhance the immunogenicity of potential vaccine candidates. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.