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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2024-23-4-12-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-2047</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методика оценки базового репродуктивного числа актуальных вариантов вируса SARS-CoV-2</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methodology for Estimating the Basic Reproductive Number of Current Variants of the Virus SARS-CoV-2</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4549-7172</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Николаевич Герасимов – д.ф.-м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник научной группы математических методов и эпидемиологического прогнозирования</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Gerasimov – Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Leading Researcher of the Scientific Group of Mathematical Methods and Epidemiological Forecasting</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andr-gerasim@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5925-7757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронин</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronin</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Михайлович Воронин – к.м.н., руководитель научной группы математических методов и эпидемиологического прогнозирования</p><p>Москва</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii М. Voronin – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Scientific Group of Mathematical Methods and Epidemiological Forecasting</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">emvoronin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3560-7676</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельниченко</surname><given-names>Ю. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnichenko</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Романовна Мельниченко – младший научный сотрудник научной группы математических методов и эпидемиологического прогнозирования</p><p>Москва</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iuliia R. Melnichenko – Junior Researcher of the Scientific Group of Mathematical Methods and Epidemiological Forecasting </p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yulya.melnichenko98@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3956-2148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Береговых</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beregovykh</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Михайлович Береговых – аналитик научной группы математических методов и эпидемиологического прогнозирования</p><p>Москва</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman M. Beregovykh – Analyst of the Scientific Group of Mathematical Methods and Epidemiological Forecasting</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">roman173rd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5524-0296</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хафизов</surname><given-names>К. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khafizov</surname><given-names>K. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Камиль Фаридович Хафизов – к.б.н.</p><p>Москва</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kamil F. Khafizov – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head of the laboratory for genomic research of Central Research Institute of Epidemiology</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khafizov@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6446-2744</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брико</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Briko</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Иванович Брико – академик РАН, д.м.н., профессор</p><p>Москва</p><p>+7 (916) 614-08-41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay I. Briko – Аcademician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, Head of the Department of Epidemiology and Evidence–Based Medicine</p><p>+7 (916) 614-08-41</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nbrico@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-9044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акимкин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akimkin</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Геннадиевич Акимкин – академик РАН, д.м.н., профессор, директор</p><p>Москва</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily G. Akimkin – Аcademician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, Director</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">crie@pcr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Центральный НИИ эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance (CRIE)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Герасимов А.Н., Воронин Е.М., Мельниченко Ю.Р., Береговых Р.М., Хафизов К.Ф., Брико Н.И., Акимкин В.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Герасимов А.Н., Воронин Е.М., Мельниченко Ю.Р., Береговых Р.М., Хафизов К.Ф., Брико Н.И., Акимкин В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gerasimov A.N., Voronin E.M., Melnichenko I.R., Beregovykh R.M., Khafizov K.F., Briko N.I., Akimkin V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2047">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2047</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Высокая заразность и мутагенность SARS-CoV-2 в сочетании с относительной кратковременностью сохранения иммунного ответа означает, что проблема контроля заболеваемости COVID-19 и далее будет актуальной. Для планирования противоэпидемических мероприятий нужно знать количественную величину базового репродуктивного числа (R0), однако имеющиеся методики позволяют оценить его только для первого варианта SARS-CoV-2. В связи с этим актуальна разработка методик оценки R0 для актуальных вариантов возбудителя COVID-19 по скорости смены одного варианта другим. Цель. Количественная оценка базового репродуктивного числа (R0) для вариантов вируса SARS-CoV-2, доминировавших в разные периоды пандемии COVID-19, а также создание методики, позволяющей оценить контактное число сменяющих друг друга вариантов других патогенов, включая как вирусы, так и бактерии. Материалы и методы. Используется модификация SIR-модели для двух вариантов SARS-CoV-2 и фактические данные о заболеваемости COVID-19 и результатах секвенирования вируса, выделенного в Москве. Результаты. Получено, что для варианта SARS-CoV-2 Дельта R0 было около 10, а для актуальных вариантов Омикрон оно превышает 30. Обсуждение. В отличие от имеющихся предлагаемая методика позволяет оценивать базовое репродуктивное число в условиях проведения противоэпидемических мероприятий, а также с учетом динамики заболеваемости в популяции с коллективным иммунным и типа циркулирующего вируса патогена. Заключение. Предложенная методика позволяет оценить изменение базового репродуктивного числа возбудителя COVID-19 по скорости вытеснения одного варианта SARS-CoV-2 другим</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. The high infectivity and mutagenicity of SARS-CoV-2, combined with the relative short duration of the immune response, means that the problem of controlling the incidence of COVID-19 will continue to be relevant. Aims. To plan anti-epidemic measures, you need to know the quantitative value of the basic reproductive number (R0), however, the available methods for estimating the R0 made it possible to estimate it only for the initial version of SARS-CoV-2. In this regard, the task was set to develop a method for estimating R0 for current pathogen variants based on the rate of change from one variant to another, including both viruses and bacteria. Materials and methods. A modification of the SIR model for two variants of SARS-CoV-2 and actual data on the incidence of COVID-19 and the results of sequencing the virus SARS-CoV-2 isolated in Moscow are used. Results. It was found that for the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant R0 was about 10, and for the current Omicron variants it exceeds 30. Discussion. In contrast to existing methods, the proposed method allows one to estimate R0 in the context of anti-epidemic measures, as well as by the dynamics of morbidity in a population with a collective immune status, taking into account the typical structure of the circulating SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion. The proposed method makes it possible to estimate the change in the basic reproductive number of the SARS-CoV-2 based on the rate of displacement of one variant by another</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>варианты SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>оценка базового репродуктивного числа R0</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>version of SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>basic reproductive number</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Msemburi W, Karlinsky A, Knutson V, et al. The WHO estimates of excess mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. 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