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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2024-23-5-4-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-2078</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОБЛЕМНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROBLEM-SOLVING ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биобезопасность и геномный эпидемиологический надзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biosafety and Genomic Epidemiological Surveillance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-9044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акимкин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akimkin</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Геннадьевич Акимкин – д. м. н., профессор, академик РАНдиректор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily G. Akimkin – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Full Member of RAS, Director</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vgakimkin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6686-9011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семененко</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenenko</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Анатольевна Семененко – д. м. н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Semenenko – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief researcher, Department of epidemiology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semenenko@gamaleya.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5524-0296</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хафизов</surname><given-names>К. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khafizov</surname><given-names>K. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Камиль Фаридович Хафизов – к. б. н., заведующий лабораторией геномных исследований</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kamil F. Khafizov – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head, Genomic research laboratory</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khafizov@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-0155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Углева</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ugleva</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Углева Светлана Викторовна, д.м.н., доцент, руководитель научно-аналитического отдела</p><p>111123, Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, д. 3а.</p><p>+7 (495) 974-96-46 (доб. 1122)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Ugleva – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Head, Scientific and analytical department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uglevas@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3093-5731</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубоделов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubodelov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Васильевич Дубоделов – к. м. н., с. н. с. лаборатории вирусных гепатитов отдела молекулярной диагностики и эпидемиологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Dubodelov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), senior researcher, Laboratory of viral hepatitis, Department of molecular diagnostics and epidemiology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ubodelov@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0684-2503</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свердлов</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sverdlov</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Давидович Свердлов – д. х. н., профессор, академик РАН, руководитель Центра геномных исследований мирового уровня</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny D. Sverdlov – Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Professor, Full Member of RAS, Head, World-Class Genomic Research Center</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">edsverd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7970-7495</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черкашина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherkashina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Сергеевна Черкашина – к. х. н., руководитель научной группы генной инженерии и биотехнологии, отдел молекулярной диагностики и эпидемиологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Cherkashina – Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Head, Research group of genetic engineering and biotechnology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cherkashina@pcr.ms</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0121-521X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гасанов</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasanov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гасан Алиевич Гасанов – специалист научно-аналитического отдела</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gasan A. Gasanov – specialist, Scientific and Analytical Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gasanov@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3217-0963</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Надтока</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nadtoka</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Игоревич Надтока – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории геномных исследований</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim I. Nadtoka – junior researcher, Genomics research laboratory</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maximnadtoka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3612-9095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцева</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantseva</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Петровна Румянцева – лаборант научной группы генной инженерии и биотехнологии, отдел молекулярной диагностики и эпидемиологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda P. Rumyantseva – laboratory assistant, Research group of genetic engineering and biotechnology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadejda.rumiantceva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5646-538X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Владимировна Михайлова – заведующая лабораторией молекулярных механизмов антибиотикорезистентности</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Mikhailova – Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mihailova@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7409-077X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеленков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelenkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Александрович Шеленков – старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярных механизмов антибиотикорезистентности</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Shelenkov – senior research officer at the Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shelenkov@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5456-7649</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есьман</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Esman</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Сергеевна Есьман – научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярных методов изучения генетических полиморфизмов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Esman – Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Methods for Genetic Polymorphisms Research</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esman@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5357-7685</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеенко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Васильевна Алексеенко – к. б. н., старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Alekseenko – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), senior researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina.alekseenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3990-8262</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratyeva</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лия Германовна Кондратьева – к. б. н., младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liya G. Kondratyeva – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), junior researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liakondratyeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3956-2148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Береговых</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beregovykh</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Михайлович Береговых – специалист по анализу и обработке данных</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman M. Beregovykh – data scientist</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">beregovykh@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «ЦНИИ Эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени почетного академика Н. Ф. Гамалеи»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>ФБУН «ЦНИИ Эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИЦ «Курчатовский институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Center Kurchatov Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акимкин В.Г., Семененко Т.А., Хафизов К.Ф., Углева С.В., Дубоделов Д.В., Свердлов Е.Д., Черкашина А.С., Гасанов Г.А., Надтока М.И., Румянцева Н.П., Михайлова Ю.В., Шеленков А.А., Есьман А.С., Алексеенко И.В., Кондратьева Л.Г., Береговых Р.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акимкин В.Г., Семененко Т.А., Хафизов К.Ф., Углева С.В., Дубоделов Д.В., Свердлов Е.Д., Черкашина А.С., Гасанов Г.А., Надтока М.И., Румянцева Н.П., Михайлова Ю.В., Шеленков А.А., Есьман А.С., Алексеенко И.В., Кондратьева Л.Г., Береговых Р.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akimkin V.G., Semenenko T.A., Khafizov K.F., Ugleva S.V., Dubodelov D.V., Sverdlov E.D., Cherkashina A.S., Gasanov G.A., Nadtoka M.I., Rumyantseva N.P., Mikhailova Y.V., Shelenkov A.A., Esman A.S., Alekseenko I.V., Kondratyeva L.G., Beregovykh R.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2078">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2078</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Проблема биологической безопасности сегодня крайне актуальна для всех стран мира из-за расширения спектра реальных и потенциальных угроз, вызванных биологическими агентами, что наглядно продемонстрировала пандемия COVID-19, повлиявшая на все аспекты жизни людей и обнажившая уязвимость системы здравоохранения. Цель. Определить приоритетные направления совершенствования системы эпидемиологического надзора и предотвращения дальнейших пандемий на территории Российской Федерации. Результаты и обсуждение. Для противодействия новым биологическим угрозам в России создана научная концепция будущей биобезопасности, делающая акцент на развитии геномного эпидемиологического надзора, цифровой трансформации и мобильных технологий. Эффективное управление эпидемическим процессом требует постоянного мониторинга мутационной изменчивости возбудителей инфекций с пандемическим потенциалом и оперативного реагирования на новые биологические угрозы, что обеспечивает созданная в России платформа VGARus. Заключение. Геномный эпидемиологический надзор становится ключевым элементом обеспечения биологической безопасности и научно-технологического развития России.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of biological safety is extremely relevant today for all countries of the world because of the real and potential threats caused by biological agents that are dangerous to public health and the environment. Modern microorganisms are becoming increasingly aggressive towards humans, as clearly demonstrated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has affected all aspects of people's lives and exposed the vulnerability of the healthcare system. According to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation «On the Fundamentals of the State policy of the Russian Federation in the field of chemical and biological safety for the period up to 2025 and beyond» and the Federal Law «On Biological Safety in the Russian Federation», the main objectives of state policy are to reduce the risks of negative effects of biological factors on the population and the environment. Antimicrobial resistance, the emergence of new infections and the overcoming of interspecific barriers by microorganisms are of particular concern. Infectious disease agents with epidemic potential, such as Ebola, Zika, Marburg, Lassa, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV viruses, continue to pose a high threat. To counteract new biological threats, Russia has created a scientific concept of future biosafety, focusing on the development of genomic epidemiological surveillance, digital transformation and mobile technologies. Effective management of epidemic processes requires constant monitoring of genetic changes in infectious agents and prompt response to new threats, which allows the VGARus platform created in Russia to monitor virus mutations. Thus, genomic epidemiological surveillance is becoming a key element of ensuring biological safety and scientific and technological development in Russia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биобезопасность</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>геномный эпидемиологический надзор</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетический мониторинг</kwd><kwd>глобальные угрозы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biosafety</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>genomic epidemiological surveillance</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic monitoring</kwd><kwd>global threats</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акимкин В. Г., Зверев В. В., Кирпичников М. П. и др. Эпидемиологические, клеточные, генетические и эпигенетические аспекты биобезопасности. 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