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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2024-23-5-42-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-2082</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комплексная оценка факторов риска развития рака толстой кишки у населения Северо-Запада России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comprehensive Assessment of Risk Factors for Colon Cancer in the Population of the North-West of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4271-6530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумилова</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumilova</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктория Николаевна Шумилова – очный аспирант кафедры эпидемиологии, паразитологии и дезинфектологии, врач-эпидемиолог эпидемиологического отдела</p><p>195067, Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский пр., д.47, павильон 2/4. +7 (921) 863-73-49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoriya N. Shumilova – postgraduate student, epidemiologist of the epidemiological department</p><p>47 Piskarevsky Ave., Pavilion 2/4, St. Petersburg, 195067, +7 (921) 863-73-49</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tori.lovas@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-6656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончаров</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артемий Евгеньевич Гончаров – д. м. н., заведующий лабораторией функциональной геномики и протеомики микроорганизмов; профессор кафедры эпидемиологии, паразитологии и дезинфектологии</p><p>Санкт-­Петербург; +7 (921) 302-94-65</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artemij E. Goncharov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Microorganisms; professor of the department of epidemiology, parasitology and desinfectology</p><p>Saint Petersburg, +7 (921) 302-94-65</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">phage1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9569-8485</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Латария</surname><given-names>Э. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Latariya</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Элгуджа Лаврентьевич Латария – к. м. н., доцент кафедры факультетской хирургии имени И.И. Грекова, проректор по клинической работе</p><p>Санкт­-Петербург; +7 (812) 303-50-00</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elgudzha L. Latariya – Cand. Sci. (Med.), associate professor of the department of faculty surgery named after I.I. Grekov, Vice-rector for clinical work</p><p>Saint Petersburg, +7 (812) 303-50-00</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Elgudzha.Latariya@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8168-6187</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топузов</surname><given-names>Р. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Topuzov</surname><given-names>R. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рустем Эльдарович Топузов – к. м. н., врач-хирург, онколог, доцент кафедры госпитальной хирургии им. В. А. Оппеля</p><p>Санкт­-Петербург; +7 (921) 325-30-00</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rustem E. Topuzov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), surgeon, oncologist, associate professor of the department of hospital surgery named after V.A. Oppel</p><p>Saint Petersburg, +7 (921) 325-30-00</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Rustem.Topuzov@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3003-8886</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобраков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrakov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Анатольевич Бобраков – врач-хирург, онколог, ассистент кафедры госпитальной хирургии им. В.А. Оппеля</p><p>Санкт­-Петербург; +7 (812) 303-50-00</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Bobrakov – surgeon, oncologist, assistant of the department of hospital surgery named after V.A. Oppel</p><p>Saint Petersburg, +7 (812) 303-50-00</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Mikhail.Bobrakov@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-211X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колоджиева</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolodzhieva</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктория Васильевна Колоджиева – к. м. н., доцент кафедры эпидемиологии, паразитологии и дезинфектологии</p><p>Санкт­-Петербург; +7 (812) 544-22-94</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria V. Kolodzhieva – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Epidemiology, Parasitology and Disinfectology</p><p> Saint Petersburg, +7 (812) 544-22-94</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vika-el@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-4942</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филь</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fil</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Сергеевна Филь – заведующая отделением гастроэнтерологии</p><p>Санкт­-Петербург; +7 (812) 303-50-00</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana S. Fil – head of the department of gastroenterology</p><p>Saint Petersburg, +7 (812) 303-50-00</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fts-88@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-8096</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асланов</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aslanov</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Батырбек Исмелович Асланов – д. м. н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой эпидемиологии, паразитологии и дезинфектологи; заведующий научно-исследовательской лабораторией молекулярной эпидемиологии и исследования бактериофагов</p><p>Санкт­-Петербург; +7 (812) 543-13-21</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Batyrbek I. Aslanov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Epidemiology, Parasitology and Disinfectology; Head of the Research Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Bacteriophage Research</p><p>Saint Petersburg, +7 (812) 543-13-21</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Batyrbek.Aslanov@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо­-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГНУ «Институт экспериментальной медицины» ; ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-­Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Institute of Experimental Medicine» ; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шумилова В.Н., Гончаров А.Е., Латария Э.Л., Топузов Р.Э., Бобраков М.А., Колоджиева В.В., Филь Т.С., Асланов Б.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шумилова В.Н., Гончаров А.Е., Латария Э.Л., Топузов Р.Э., Бобраков М.А., Колоджиева В.В., Филь Т.С., Асланов Б.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shumilova V.N., Goncharov A.E., Latariya E.L., Topuzov R.E., Bobrakov M.A., Kolodzhieva V.V., Fil T.S., Aslanov B.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2082">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2082</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Колоректальный рак (КРР) является третьим по распространенности раком в мире. На территории Российской Федерации установлен высокий показатель поздней диагностики рака толстой кишки. Изучение комплекса социальных, клинико-анамнестических, алиментарно-зависимых факторов, влияющих на развитие рака толстой кишки, необходимо для установления групп риска и проведения эффективной вторичной профилактики. Цель исследования. Оценка значимости медико-социальных, клинико-анамнестических, алиментарно-зависимых факторов в качестве факторов риска развития рака толстой кишки. Материалы и методы. Для анализа региональных особенностей заболеваемости КРР использована база данных «Злокачественные новообразования Северо-Западного федерального округа» за 2010–2023 гг. Для изучения факторов риска КРР было организовано эпидемиологическое исследование «случай-контроль», в котором участвовали пациенты старше 18 лет с диагностированной патологией кишечника (рак толстой кишки, воспалительные заболевания кишечника) или без нее. Результаты и обсуждение. Среди пациентов с КРР преобладали пациенты с запущенными формами заболевания: доля КРР, выявленного на III и IV стадиях из числа впервые выявленных случаев, составляла 54% и 17% соответственно. При анализе данных не установлено ассоциации риска развития КРР с наличием хронических заболеваний, онкологической патологии, включая КРР у родственников 1-й и 2-й степени родства, злоупотреблением алкогольными напитками и курением, а также с большинством алиментарно-зависимых факторов, за исключением жареной и копченой рыбы. Заключение. Злокачественные новообразования толстой кишки выявляются у населения Северо-Западного федерального округа на поздних стадиях и при самостоятельном обращении пациентов за медицинской помощью. Существенное внимание при проведении эпидемиологических исследований должно быть уделено такому фактору, как употребление в пищу рыбы после определенных видов термической обработки (жареной и копченой). Перспективы дальнейших исследований, на наш взгляд, связаны с поиском информативных маркеров для выявления групп риска, в частности факторов, связанных с измененной микробиотой кишечника и с колонизацией кишечника потенциально онкогенными микроорганизмами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. In the Russian Federation, high rates of neglect in late diagnosis of colon cancer have been established. The study of the complex influence of social, clinical, anamnestic and dietary risk factors in the development of colorectal cancer is valuable in identifying risk groups for effective secondary prevention. Aims. Assessment of the importance of medical and social, clinical and anamnestic, alimentary-dependent factors as risk factors for colon cancer. Materials &amp; Methods. To analyse the regional characteristics of CRC incidence, the database "Cancer diseases in the Northwestern Federal District" for 2010-2023 was used. To investigate the risk factors for CRC, a case- control study was organised in which patients over 18 years of age with or without diagnosed intestinal pathology (colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease) were included. Results and discussion. Among patients with CRC, patients with advanced forms of the disease predominated: the proportion of CRC diagnosed at stage III and IV was 54% and 17% of newly diagnosed cases, respectively. When analyzing the data, no association was found between the risk of developing CRC and the presence of chronic diseases, oncological pathology, including CRC in relatives of the 1st and 2nd degree of kinship, alcohol abuse and smoking, as well as with most alimentary-dependent factors, with the exception of fried and smoked fish. Conclusions. Colon neoplasms are detected in the population of the Northwestern Federal District at late stages and when patients seek medical care independently. Significant attention in epidemiological studies should be paid to such a factor as eating fish after certain types of heat treatment (fried and smoked). prospects for further research, in our opinion, are related to the search for informative markers to identify risk groups, in particular factors associated with altered intestinal microbiota and colonisation of the intestine with potentially oncogenic microorganisms.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>колоректальный рак</kwd><kwd>рак толстой кишки</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>образ жизни</kwd><kwd>диетические предпочтения Конфликт интересов не заявлен</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>colon cancer</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>lifestyle</kwd><kwd>dietary habits</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morgan E, Arnold M, Gini A, et al. 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