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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2024-23-5-50-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-2083</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Первая находка эмерджентного патогена Escherichia marmotae в Арктике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>First Finding of the Emerging Pathogen Escherichia marmotae in the Arctic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-8096</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асланов</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aslanov</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Батырбек Исмелович Асланов – д. м. н., заведующий кафедрой эпидемиологии, паразитологии и дезинфектологии; заведующий НИЛ молекулярной эпидемиологии и исследований бактериофагов</p><p>Санкт­-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Batyrbek I. Aslanov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Epidemiology, Parasitology and Disinfection; Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Bacteriophage Research</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">batyra@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-6656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончаров</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гончаров Артемий Евгеньевич, д. м. н., доцент, заведующий лабораторией функциональной геномики и протеомики микроорганизмов; профессор кафедры эпидемиологии, паразитологии и дезинфектологии</p><p>197376, Санкт-Петербург, улица Академика Павлова, 12. +7 (812) 234-05-42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artemiy E. Goncharov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Microorganisms, Institute of Experimental Medicine; Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Parasitology and Disinfection</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">phage1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-211X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колоджиева</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolodzhieva</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктория Васильевна Колоджиева – к. м. н., доцент кафедры эпидемиологии, паразитологии и дезинфектологии</p><p>Санкт­-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria V. Kolodzhieva – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Parasitology and Disinfection</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vika-el@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2483-5144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азаров</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azarov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Даниил Валерьевич Азаров – к. м. н., с. н. с. НИЛ молекулярной эпидемиологии и исследований бактериофагов; н. с. лаборатории функциональной геномики и протеомики микроорганизмов</p><p>Санкт-­Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil V. Azarov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Bacteriophage Research; Researcher, Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Microorganism</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denazarov.da@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо­-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо­-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России ; ФГБНУ «Институт экспериментальной медицины»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov ; Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России ;  ФГБНУ «Институт экспериментальной медицины»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov ;  Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Асланов Б.И., Гончаров А.Е., Колоджиева В.В., Азаров Д.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Асланов Б.И., Гончаров А.Е., Колоджиева В.В., Азаров Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aslanov B.I., Goncharov A.E., Kolodzhieva V.V., Azarov D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2083">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2083</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Escherichia marmotae представляет собой недавно описанный вид эшерихий, расцениваемый в качестве нового зоонозного патогена. Особенности географического распространения этого микроорганизма среди диких животных и его геномное разнообразие в настоящее время изучены недостаточно. Цель. Определение патогенного потенциала штамма Escherichia marmotae 16guk, выделенного из зоогенного материала на острове Гукера (Архангельская область, архипелаг Земля Франца-Иосифа) и его филогенетических взаимоотношений с ранее описанными штаммами различного происхождения. Материалы и методы. Штамм Escherichia marmotae 16guk выделен из фекалий песца (Vulpes lagopus) вблизи птичьего базара. Патогенный потенциал штамма определялся на основании данных геномного секвенирования с использованием технологии Illumina, оценки среднелетальной дозы при внутрибрюшинном введении мышам и фенотипа антибиотикорезистентности диско-диффузионным методом. Для определения филогенетического положения описываемого штамма в общей структуре популяции микроорганизма были использованы данные полногеномного секвенирования, депонированные в NCBI GeneBank. Филогеномный анализ проводился на основе матрицы расстояний однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов в «коровом» геноме в программе Parsnp. Результаты и обсуждение. Штамм характеризуется невысокой вирулентностью при тестировании на мышах (LD50 составила 1,3*109 к.о.е.), располагает устойчивостью к ампициллину и гентамицину. В структуре генома выявлен ряд факторов патогенности, который включает сидерофоры энтеробактинового и аэробактинового оперонов, характерные для экстраинтестинальных штаммов эшерихий гены фимбрий I типа, гены ворсинок амилоидоподобного белка (curli) и капсулярные гены, а также оперон факторов инвазии ibeABC. Резистом представлен генами бета-лактамазы blaEC15 и генами эффлюкс-помпы acrAD-tolC. По результатам филогеномного анализа изучаемый штамм обнаруживает наибольшее сходство со штаммами, выделенными в Новой Зеландии и Германии среди диких птиц и животных (кабанов). Сходство геномов штаммов, распространенных в дистантных географических регионах, и выделение штамма 16guk в пределах орнитогенной экосистем может быть интерпретировано как результат распространения E. marmotae с перелетными птицами. Выводы. Обнаружение на одной из наиболее отдаленных арктических территорий штамма Escherichia marmotae 16guk демонстрирует возможность появления и циркуляции на островных территориях высокоширотной Арктики штаммов энтеробактерий с существенным патогенным потенциалом, что актуализирует необходимость проведения систематических мониторинговых исследований в арктическом регионе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Escherichia marmotae is a recently described species of Escherichia that is considered a potential new zoonotic pathogen. The geographical distribution of this microorganism in wild animals and its genomic diversity are currently insufficiently studied. Aims. The purpose of the study was to determine the pathogenic potential of the Escherichia marmotae 16guk strain isolated from zoogenic material on Hooker Island (Arkhangelsk Region, Franz Josef Land Archipelago) and its phylogenetic relationships with previously described strains of different origin. Materials and methods. The Escherichia marmotae 16guk strain was isolated from the faeces of an arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) near a breeding ground. The pathogenic potential of the strain was assessed on the basis of genomic sequencing data using Illumina technology, an estimate of the mean lethal dose when administered intraperitoneally to mice, and an assessment of the antibiotic resistance phenotype using the disc diffusion method. To determine the phylogenetic position of the described strain within the overall structure of the microbial population, genome-wide sequencing data deposited in NCBI GeneBank were used. The phylogenomic analysis was performed based on the distance matrix of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the core genome due Parsnp. Results. The strain is characterized by low virulence when tested on mice (LD50 was 1.3*109 K.O.E.), has resistance to ampicillin and gentamicin. A number of pathogenicity factors have been identified in the genome structure, which includes siderophores of enterobactin and aerobactin operons, fimbria type I genes characteristic of extraintestinal Escherichia strains, amyloid-like protein villi (curli) and capsular genes, as well as the ibeABC invasion factor operon. The resistome is represented by blaEC15 beta-lactamase genes and acrAD-TolC efflux pump genes. According to the results of phylogenomic analysis, the strain under study shows the greatest similarity with the genome sequences of strains circulating in New Zealand and Germany among wild animals (wild boars) and birds. The similarity of the genomes of strains distributed in distant geographical regions and the isolation of the 16guk strain within an ornithogenic ecosystem can be interpreted as a result of the spread of E. marmotae with migratory birds. Conclusions. The discovery of the Escherichia marmotae 16guk strain in one of the most remote Arctic territories demonstrates the possibility of the emergence and circulation of enterobacteria strains with significant pathogenic potential in the island territories of the high-latitude Arctic, which actualizes the need for systematic monitoring studies in this region.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Escherichia marmotae</kwd><kwd>Арктика</kwd><kwd>полногеномное секвенирование</kwd><kwd>патогенный потенциал</kwd><kwd>микробиологический мониторинг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Escherichia marmotae</kwd><kwd>Arctic</kwd><kwd>whole genome sequencing</kwd><kwd>pathogenic potential</kwd><kwd>microbiological monitoring</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-25-00128, https://rscf.ru/project/23-25-00128/.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 23-25-00128, https://rscf.ru/project/23-25-00128/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ali S, Alsayeqh AF. 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