epidemiologyЭпидемиология и ВакцинопрофилактикаEpidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention2073-30462619-0494«Numicom» LLC10.31631/2073-3046-202524-5-89-96epidemiology-2313Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWОстрые респираторные инфекции у детей в период пандемии COVID-19Respiratory Infections in Children during the Covid-19 Pandemichttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1833-6122ЯковлевА. С.YakovlevA. S.

Александр Сергеевич Яковлев – научный сотрудник

Москва

Alexander S. Yakovlev – Research fellow

Moscow

alex-montreal@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8901-6206КаргановаГ. Г.KarganovaG. G.

Галина Григорьевна Карганова – заведующая лабораторией

Москва

Galina G. Karganova – head of laboratory

Moscow

karganova@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-1035КозловскаяЛ. И.KozlovskayaL. I.

Любовь Игоревна Козловская – заведующая лабораторией

Москва

Liubov I. Kozlovskaya – head of laboratory

Moscow

lubov_i_k@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6130-4145ИшмухаметовА. А.IshmukhametovA. A.

Айдар Айратович Ишмухаметов – генеральный директор

Москва

Aydar A. Ishmukhametov – general director

Moscow

ishmukhametov@chumakovs.suФГАНУ «Федеральный научный центр исследований и разработки иммунобиологических препаратов имени М.П. Чумакова РАН» (Институт полиомиелита)РоссияChumakov FSC R&D IBP RASRussian FederationФГАНУ «Федеральный научный центр исследований и разработки иммунобиологических препаратов имени М.П. Чумакова РАН» (Институт полиомиелита); ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияChumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS; Sechenov UniversityRussian Federation20251211202524589­-96Copyright © Яковлев А.С., Карганова Г.Г., Козловская Л.И., Ишмухаметов А.А., 20252025Яковлев А.С., Карганова Г.Г., Козловская Л.И., Ишмухаметов А.А.Yakovlev A.S., Karganova G.G., Kozlovskaya L.I., Ishmukhametov A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2313Актуальность

Актуальность. Острые респираторные инфекции являются ведущей причиной заболеваемости и смертности детей во всем мире. Пандемия COVID-19 существенно повлияла на циркуляцию других респираторных вирусов. Понимание взаимодействия SARS-CoV-2 с другими респираторными патогенами важно для прогнозирования тяжести течения заболевания, усовершенствования методов диагностики и лечения, а также для разработки эффективных стратегий профилактики.

Цель

Цель. Проанализировать опубликованные научные данные, касающиеся циркуляции респираторных вирусов на разных этапах пандемии COVID-19 и особенности вирусных и бактериальных коинфекций у детей, а также оценить их влияние на течение заболевания.

Выводы

Выводы. Пандемия COVID-19 на начальном этапе привела к снижению заболеваемости, вызываемой другими респираторными вирусами, с последующим быстрым восстановлением их циркуляции после отмены ограничительных мер. У детей COVID-19 протекает легче, чем у взрослых, с высокой долей бессимптомных форм. Ко-инфицирование SARS-CoV-2 с другими респираторными вирусами более характерно для детей младшего возраста и не приводит к значительному увеличению тяжести течения заболевания. Вторичные бактериальные инфекции у детей с COVID-19 существенно повышают риск тяжелого течения заболевания.

Relevance

Relevance. Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced the circulation of other respiratory viruses. Understanding the interactions between SARSCoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens is crucial for predicting disease severity, improving diagnostic and treatment methods, and developing effective prevention strategies. 

Aims

Aims. This study aims to analyze changes in the circulation of respiratory viruses at different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, investigate the prevalence and characteristics of viral and bacterial co-infections in children, and assess their impact on disease progression.

Conclusions

Conclusions.  At the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of respiratory viral infections declined, followed by a rapid resurgence after the lifting of restrictive measures. In children, COVID19 presents with milder symptoms than in adults and has a high proportion of asymptomatic cases. Mixed SARS-CoV-2 infections with other respiratory viruses are more common in younger children and do not significantly increase disease severity. However, secondary bacterial infections in children with COVID-19 substantially elevate the risk of severe disease progression.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.