epidemiologyЭпидемиология и ВакцинопрофилактикаEpidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention2073-30462619-0494«Numicom» LLC10.31631/2073-3046-2026-25-1-33-37epidemiology-2373Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESСеропревалентность вируса краснухи среди пациентов с хронической болезнью почекSeroprevalence of Rubella Virus in Chronic Kidney Disease PatientsЛазимХ. Х.LazimH. H.

Хусам Хусейн Лазим – доктор философии в области микробиологии, преподаватель

Багдад

Lazim H. H. – PhD (Microbiology), Lecturer

Baghdad

hlazim@ibnsina.edu.iqУниверситет медицинских и фармацевтических наук имени Абу Али Хусейна ибн Абд аль-ВахидаИракIbn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical SciencesIraq2026130320262513337Copyright © Лазим Х.Х., 20262026Лазим Х.Х.Lazim H.H.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2373

Актуальность. Вирус краснухи обычно ассоциируется с легкой инфекцией, однако, если он передается во время беременности, это может привести к серьезным последствиям, включая синдром врожденной краснухи (CRS). У людей с хронической болезнью почек (ХБП, CKD англ.) часто ослаблена иммунная система, что затрудняет им борьбу с краснухой или делает вакцинацию малоэффективной. Определение количества антител к краснухе у этих пациентов может помочь в разработке более эффективных профилактических стратегий. Цель. Оценить и сравнить уровень антител к вирусу краснухи (IgM и IgG) у пациентов с ХБП и здоровых лиц контрольной группы. Материалы и методы. Был разработан план исследования «случай-контроль», в котором приняли участие 180 пациентов с ХБП и 180 практически здоровых людей, образцы сыворотки крови которых были проанализированы на наличие специфичных к краснухе антител IgM и IgG с помощью иммуноферментного анализа (ELISA). Результаты. IgM к краснухе был обнаружен у 81 из 180 пациентов контрольной группы и у 65 из 180 пациентов с ХБП. IgG к краснухе был выявлены у всех участников (360 из 360, 100%). Средняя концентрация IgG была достоверно выше у пациентов с ХБП (456,82 ± 144,90 МЕ/мл), чем в контрольной группе (169,45 ± 117,52 МЕ/мл; t = 20,666, p < 0,001). Вывод. Как в группе пациентов с ХБП, так и в контрольной группы по результатам теста были определено присутствие IgG краснухи. При этом у пациентов с ХБП при более низком уровне IgM, средние титры IgG были значительно выше, что может указывать как на встречу с вирусом краснухи, так и относительно недавней иммунизацией. Эти данные требуют дополнительного тестирования и тщательной интерпретации иммунитета к краснухе у пациентов с хронической болезнью почек.

Relevance. Rubella virus is commonly associated with a minor infection, however, if transmitted during pregnancy, it can cause serious consequences which includ congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often have weakened immune systems, making it difficult for them to fight off rubella infection or receive the vaccine. As a result, determining the amount of rubella antibodies in these patients can aid in developing more effective preventative strategies. Aims. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare rubella virus antibody levels (IgM and IgG) in CKD patients and healthy controls. Materials and Methods. A case-control study design was adpted, with 180 CKD patients and 180 apparently healthy persons, serum samples were analyzed for rubella-specific IgM and IgG antibodies by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. Rubella IgM was detected in 81/180 of controls and 65/180 of CKD patients. Rubella IgG was positive in all participants (360/360, 100%). Mean IgG concentration was significantly higher in CKD patients (456.82 ± 144.90 IU/ml) than in controls (169.45 ± 117.52 IU/ml; t = 20.666, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Both CKD patients and controls tested positive for rubella IgG, while CKD patients had a lower IgM positivity rate, patients with chronic renal disease had significantly higher mean IgG titers, which could indicate changed immune regulation or changes in exposure and immunization history. These findings need careful interpretation and additional testing of rubella immunity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.