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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2026-26-2-4-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-2400</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молекулярно-генетический анализ клинических изолятов Klebsiella pneumoniae у пациентов с болезнями системы кровообращения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molecular and genetic analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in patients with circulatory system diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4975-8795</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гридина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gridina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Александровна Гридина – заведующий эпидемиологическим отделом</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, бульвар имени академика Л.С. Барбараша, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Gridina – head of the Epidemiological Department</p><p>6, Boulevard named after academician L.S. Barbarash, Kemerovo, 650002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grad7908@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5202-1204</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алиса Александровна Авдеева – м. н. с. научно-исследовательского отдела медицинской микробиологии и молекулярной эпидемиологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, дом 9 лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alisa A. Avdeeva – Junior Researcher, Research Department of Medical Microbiology and Molecular Epidemiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution</p><p>9 lit. A, Professor Popov str., St. Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avdeenko-alya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8616-3227</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брусина</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brusina</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Борисовна Брусина – член-корреспондент РАН, д. м. н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой эпидемиологии и инфекционных болезней </p><p>650056, г. Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, д. 22а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena B. Brusina – Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</p><p>22a, Voroshilova Street, Kemerovo, 650056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">brusina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3963-0144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агеевец</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ageevets</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Андреевич Агеевец – к. б. н., научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела медицинской микробиологии и молекулярной эпидемиологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, дом 9 лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Ageevets – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), research Department of Medical Microbiology and Molecular Epidemiology</p><p>9 lit. A, Professor Popov str., St. Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ageevets@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3550-7875</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидоренко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Владимирович Сидоренко – член-корреспондент РАН, д. м. н., профессор, директор института экспериментальной микробиологии и геномики микроорганизмов, руководитель научно-исследовательского отдела медицинской микробиологии и молекулярной эпидемиологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, дом 9 лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Sidorenko – Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director of the Institute of Experimental Microbiology  and  Genomics  of  Microorganisms,  Head  of  the  Research Department of Medical Microbiology and Molecular Epidemiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution </p><p>9 lit. A, Professor Popov str., St. Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sidorserg@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Кузбасский клинический кардиологический диспансер имени академика Л.С. Барбараша»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Kuzbass Clinical Cardiology Dispensary named after Academician L.S. Barbarash</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-­клинический центр инфекционных болезней Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Centre for Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гридина А.А., Авдеева А.А., Брусина Е.Б., Агеевец В.А., Сидоренко С.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гридина А.А., Авдеева А.А., Брусина Е.Б., Агеевец В.А., Сидоренко С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gridina A.A., Avdeeva A.A., Brusina E.B., Ageevets V.A., Sidorenko S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2400">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2400</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. У пациентов с болезнями системы кровообращения изоляты Klebsiella pneumoniae, обладающие признаками гипервирулентности и множественной лекарственной устойчивости, являются одними из наиболее распространённых возбудителей инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи (ИСМП). Показаны основные сиквенс-типы (ST395, ST307) Klebsiella pneumoniae, идентифицированы гены-маркеры вирулентности (AbST, YbST и RmST), детерминанты устойчивости к бета-лактамам (bla , bla , bla ), включая карбапенемы (bla ).</p><p>Цель исследования — изучить детерминанты антибиотикорезистентности и маркеры вирулентности клинических изолятов Klebsiella pneumoniae у пациентов с болезнями системы кровообращения (БСК).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучено 69 изолятов Klebsiella spp., выделенных с ноября 2022 по октябрь 2023 гг. из образцов патологических материалов пациентов двух крупных центров для лечения пациентов с БСК с зарегистрированными случаями ИСМП по критериям НАСКИ**. Видовая принадлежность изолятов к роду Klebsiella spp. подтверждена методом масс-спектрометрии. Типирование по наличию или отсутствию генов карбапенемаз и аэробактина проведено с помощью ПЦР. Определение чувствительности к антибиотикам – диско-диффузионным методом и методом серийных микроразведений. Выявление полного перечня генов, определяющих резистентность и вирулентность, выполнено с использованием полногеномного секвенирования для 17 изолятов Klebsiella pneumoniae. Функциональная аннотация геномов – с помощью биоинформатических ресурсов Kleborate v3. и Kaptiv.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Изученные штаммы Klebsiella pneumoniae характеризовались разной степенью фенотипической лекарственной устойчивости: преимущественно широкой/ экстремальной (XDR) – 78,57 %, множественной (MDR) – 14,29 %, панрезистентностью (PDR) – 7,14 %. Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 17), для которых проведено полногеномное секвенирование, относятся к 4 сиквенс-типам: к ST395 – 11 изолятов (64,71 %), к ST307 – 4 (23,53 %), и по одному к ST416 и ST6 (по 5,88 %). Изоляты ST395 сиквенс-типа демонстрировали свойства резистентности к 13–14 классам антибиотиков, ST307 – к 9 классам, ST416 и ST6 не обладали устойчивостью. Выявлен высокий уровень распространения маркеров гипервирулентного патотипа Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP): rmpA2 (82,35 %), iucA, (82,35 %), а также обладающего гипермукоидным фенотипом (Hm, 58,93 %) и устойчивостью к карбапенемам (ген карбапенемазы OXA-48, 64,71 %).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Анализируемые Klebsiella pneumoniae представлены 4 сиквенс-типами, широко распространенными в Европейских странах. Потенциально гипервирулетные изоляты hvKP, характеризующиеся XDR, PDR, требуют быстрой и точной диагностики для эффективной терапии пациентов с БСК.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. In patients with circulatory system diseases, Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carrying both hypervirulence and multidrug resistance are one of the most common causative agents of healthcare-associated infections (HAI). The main sequence types (ST395, ST307) of Klebsiella pneumoniae are shown, virulence marker genes (AbST, YbST and RmST), determinants of beta-lactam resistance (bla , bla , bla ), including carbapenems (bla , are identified.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To investigate the determinants of antibiotic resistance and virulence markers of clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients with circulatory system diseases (CSD).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We studied 69 isolates of Klebsiella spp., collected from November 2022 to October 2023 from samples of pathological materials from patients of two large centers for the treatment of patients with CSD who had registered cases of HAIs according to NASCI criteria. The species identity of isolates to the Klebsiella spp. genus confirmed by mass spectrometry. PCR was used to determine the presence or absence of carbapenemase and aerobactin genes for strain typing. Antibiotics susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method and broth microdilution method. The complete set of genes determining resistance and virulence was identified in 17 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates using whole genome sequencing. Functional annotation of genomes was performed by the bioinformatic resource Kleborate v3. and Kaptiv.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The studied Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were characterized by different degrees of phenotypic drug resistance: predominantly broad/extreme XDR) – 78.57 %, multiple (MDR) – 14.29 %, pan-resistance (PDR) –7.14 %. Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 17) for which whole genome sequencing was performed belong to 4 sequence types: to ST395 – 11 isolates (64.71 %), to ST307 – 4 (23.53 %), and one of each to ST416 and ST6 (5.88 % each). Sequence-type ST395 isolates demonstrated the properties of resistance to classes 13–14 of antibiotics, ST307 to classes 9, ST416 and ST6 did not have resistance to antibiotics. A high prevalence of the hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) pathotype was observed: rmpA2 (82.35 %), iucA (82.35 %), a hypermucoid phenotype (Hm, 58.93 %) and carbapenem resistance (mediated by OXA-48 carbapenemase, 64.71 %).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Analyzed Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates are represented by 4 sequence types, widespread in European countries. HvKP isolates characterized by XDR, PDR and simultaneously carrying carbapenem resistance genes require prompt and accurate diagnosis to effectively treat patients with CSD.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекции</kwd><kwd>связанные с оказанием медицинской помощи</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>полногеномное секвенирование</kwd><kwd>сиквенс-типы</kwd><kwd>резистентность</kwd><kwd>гипервирулентность</kwd><kwd>болезни системы кровообращения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>healthcare-associated infections</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>genome-wide sequencing</kwd><kwd>sequence types</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>hypervirulence</kwd><kwd>circulatory system diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moses V., Kandi V., Bharadwaj V., et al. 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