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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2026-25-3-50-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-2465</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>К 95-ЛЕТИЮ КАФЕДРЫ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИИ СЕЧЕНОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DEDICATED TO THE 95th ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, SECHENOV UNIVERSITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ факторов риска у пациентов с бронхиальной астмой: генетические маркеры и сопутствующие метаболические нарушения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of Risk Factors in Patients with Bronchial Asthma: Genetic Markers and Comorbid Metabolic Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6280-4325</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ломоносова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lomonosova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алёна Вячеславовна Ломоносова – к. м. н., доцент кафедры эпидемиологии и доказательной медицины ИОЗ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alyona V. Lomonosova – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lomonosova_a_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7963-3477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаряева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garyaeva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Владимировна Гаряева – студентка</p><p>119311, Москва, ул. Крупской, д. 6, корп. 2</p><p>+7 (916) 439-26-88</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Garyaeva – student</p><p>6, bldg. 2, Krupskoy Street, Moscow, 119311</p><p>+7 (916) 439-26-88</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexandrova_marina@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9101-6367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куналиева</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kunalieva</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Розалия Макзоновна Куналиева – студентка</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rozaliya M. Kunalieva – student</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">roza04.1990@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8297-9025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiselyova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иулияния Владимировна Киселева – студентка</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iuliyania V. Kiselyova – student</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kiseleva.ulyanochka@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ломоносова А.В., Гаряева М.В., Куналиева Р.М., Киселева И.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ломоносова А.В., Гаряева М.В., Куналиева Р.М., Киселева И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lomonosova A.V., Garyaeva M.V., Kunalieva R.M., Kiselyova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2465">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2465</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Бронхиальная астма (БА) — гетерогенное заболевание, в развитии которого, наряду с генетической предрасположенностью, важную роль играют ненаследственные факторы, включая коморбидные состояния, такие как сахарный диабет 2 типа (СД2) и метаболический синдром. Общность патогенетических механизмов, основанных на хроническом воспалении, предполагает наличие общих генетических детерминант, что изучено недостаточно.</p><p>Цель исследования – выявить молекулярно-генетические маркеры и факторы риска предрасположенности к БА у взрослых, ассоциированные с метаболическими нарушениями.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективное исследование «случай-контроль» на выборке из 315 человек (63 пациента с БА и 252 условно здоровых человека в контрольной группе), сопоставимых по возрасту и полу. Помимо анализа сопутствующей патологии, выполнен поиск ассоциаций с полиморфизмами генов: ADRB2 (rs1042713), IL6 (rs1800795), HLA-DQ2.5 (rs2187668), SLC30A8 (rs13266634) и TCF7L2 (rs12255372). Статистический анализ проводился с использованием критерия χ² в программе StatTech v. 4.12.1.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У пациентов с БА достоверно чаще встречались нарушения, ассоциированные с диабетом/метаболическим синдромом (11,1 % против 4,0 %, p = 0,034), и диагностированный колит (14,3 % против 3,6 %, p = 0,003). Сильные ассоциации с БА выявлены для полиморфизмов генов, ключевых для метаболизма: SLC30A8 rs13266634 (генотип С/С: 41,3 % против 11,5 %, p &lt; 0,001) и TCF7L2 rs12255372 (генотип G/G: 47,6 % против 14,3 %, p &lt; 0,001). Ассоциаций с полиморфизмами в генах ADRB2, IL6 и HLA-DQ2.5 не обнаружено.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о существовании «метаболически-ассоциированного» фенотипа БА у взрослых, патогенез которого в значительной степени связан с полиморфизмами генов SLC30A8 и TCF7L2 и соответствующей коморбидностью. Результаты обосновывают целесообразность взаимного скрининга пациентов с БА на метаболические нарушения и воспалительные заболевания кишечника.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Bronchial asthma (BA) is a heterogeneous disease whose development involves not only genetic predisposition but also important non-hereditary factors, including comorbid conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome. The shared pathogenetic mechanisms based on chronic inflammation suggest the existence of common genetic determinants, which remains understudied.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To identify molecular genetic markers and risk factors for predisposition to adult-onset BA associated with metabolic disorders.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A retrospective case-control study was conducted on a sample of 315 individuals (63 BA patients and 252 conditionally healthy controls), matched for age and sex. Alongside the analysis of concomitant pathology, an association analysis was performed for polymorphisms in the genes: ADRB2 (rs1042713), IL6 (rs1800795), HLA-DQ2.5 (rs2187668), SLC30A8 (rs13266634), and TCF7L2 (rs12255372). Statistical analysis was performed using the χ² criterion in the StatTech v. 4.12.1 program (developer – StatTech LLC, Russia).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. BA patients had a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes/metabolic syndrome-associated disorders (11.1 % vs. 4.0 %, p = 0.034) and diagnosed colitis (14.3 % vs. 3.6 %, p = 0.003). Strong associations with BA were found for polymorphisms in genes key to metabolism: SLC30A8 rs13266634 (C/C genotype: 41.3 % vs. 11.5 %, p &lt; 0.001) and TCF7L2 rs12255372 (G/G genotype: 47.6 % vs. 14.3 %, p &lt; 0.001). No associations were found for polymorphisms in the ADRB2, IL6, and HLA-DQ2.5 genes. Research limitations. The retrospective design and the relatively small sample size, which preclude establishing causal relationships.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained data indicate the existence of a "metabolically-associated" phenotype of adult-onset BA, whose pathogenesis is significantly linked to polymorphisms in the SLC30A8 and TCF7L2 genes and corresponding comorbidity. The results justify the expediency of mutual screening of BA patients for metabolic disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 2 типа</kwd><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>генетические маркеры</kwd><kwd>SLC30A8</kwd><kwd>TCF7L2</kwd><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>колит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>genetic markers</kwd><kwd>SLC30A8</kwd><kwd>TCF7L2</kwd><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>colitis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Глобальная инициатива по борьбе с астмой. 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