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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2026-25-3-58-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-2466</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>К 95-ЛЕТИЮ КАФЕДРЫ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИИ СЕЧЕНОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DEDICATED TO THE 95th ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, SECHENOV UNIVERSITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная оценка эффективности схем иммунопрофилактики кори методами агент-ориентированного моделирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of measles immunization regimens using agent-based modeling methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0032-9917</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поздняков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyakov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артём Александрович Поздняков – старший преподаватель</p><p>43409, МО, г. Красногорск, ул. Ленина, д.34, кв.22</p><p>+7 (910) 421-27-70</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem A. Pozdnyakov – Senior Lecturer</p><p>apt. 22, 34, Lenin St., Krasnogorsk, Moscow Region, 143409</p><p>+7 (910) 421-27-70</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pozdnyakov_a_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Поздняков А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Поздняков А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pozdnyakov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2466">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2466</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Достижение и поддержание устойчивого контроля над корью требует оптимизации календаря вакцинации, учитывающей демографические процессы, динамику иммунитета и особенности передачи инфекции. Сравнительная оценка долгосрочной эффективности различных схем иммунопрофилактики с помощью современных методов моделирования является актуальной научно-практической задачей.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Провести сравнительную оценку долгосрочного эпидемиологического эффекта различных календарных схем вакцинации против кори с использованием разработанной агент-ориентированной имитационной модели.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Разработана пространственно-имплицитная агент-ориентированная стохастическая модель, интегрирующая модули демографии, миграции, материнского и поствакцинального иммунитета, а также возрастно-пространственных контактов. В серии 100-летних симуляций для популяции 100 000 агентов сравнивались три сценария: стандартная двухдозовая схема (SRN: 12 мес. и 6 лет), схема с ранней первой дозой (SR9: 9 мес. и 6 лет, строгое окно своевременности) и схема с бустерной дозой (SR3: 12 мес., 6 и 18 лет). Анализировались среднемноголетняя заболеваемость, межэпидемические интервалы и распределение случаев по возрастам.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Сценарий SR9 продемонстрировал статистически значимое снижение среднемноголетней заболеваемости в 2,5 раза, по сравнению с базовым сценарием SRN. При SR9 наблюдались более длинные межэпидемические интервалы (6,12 лет против 5,75 лет у стандартной двухдозовой схемы), двукратное снижение пиковой заболеваемости и более сглаженная динамика вспышек. Распределение случаев по возрастам показало значительное снижение заболеваемости как среди детей до года жизни, так и среди взрослых (18+) в сценарии SR9, по сравнению с SRN и SR3. Введение бустерной дозы (SR3) не привело к значимому снижению среднемноголетней заболеваемости, по сравнению со стандартной схемой.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Оптимизация календаря вакцинации, предполагающая смещение первой дозы на более ранний возраст (9 месяцев) в сочетании со строгим контролем за своевременностью введения препарата, может обеспечить более значимое и устойчивое снижение заболеваемости корью, по сравнению со стандартной или расширенной бустерной схемами. Полученные результаты подчеркивают важность уточнения возраста начала вакцинации и регламентации сроков ее проведения как ключевых факторов долгосрочного эпидемиологического контроля.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Achieving and sustaining measles control requires optimization of vaccination schedules that account for demographic changes, immunity dynamics, and infection transmission patterns. A comparative assessment of the long-term effectiveness of different immunization schedules using modern modeling techniques is a relevant scientific and practical task.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To conduct a comparative assessment of the long-term epidemiological effect of different measles vaccination schedules using the developed agent-based simulation model.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A spatially implicit agent-based stochastic model was developed, integrating modules for demography, migration, maternal and vaccine-induced immunity, and age-specific spatial contacts. In a series of 100-year simulations for a population of 100,000 agents, three scenarios were compared: a standard twodose schedule (SRN: 12 months and 6 years), a schedule with an earlier first dose (SR9: 9 months and 6 years, strict timeliness window), and a schedule with a booster dose (SR3: 12 months, 6 and 18 years). The analysis focused on the long-term average incidence, inter-epidemic intervals, and the age distribution of cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The SR9 scenario demonstrated a statistically significant 2.5-fold reduction in the long-term average incidence compared to the baseline SRN scenario. SR9 was associated with longer inter-epidemic intervals (6.12 years vs. 5.75 years for SRN), a twofold reduction in peak incidence, and smoother outbreak dynamics. The age distribution of cases showed a significant reduction in incidence both among children under one year and among adults (18+) in the SR9 scenario compared to SRN and SR3. The introduction of a booster dose (SR3) did not lead to a significant reduction in long-term average incidence compared to the standard schedule.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Optimization of the vaccination calendar involving an earlier administration of the first dose (9 months) combined with strict control over vaccination timeliness can provide a more significant and sustained reduction in measles incidence compared to standard or extended booster schedules. The obtained results highlight the importance of refining the age at vaccination initiation and regulating the timing of vaccine administration as key factors for long-term epidemiological control.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>корь</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd><kwd>агент-ориентированное моделирование</kwd><kwd>популяционный иммунитет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>measles</kwd><kwd>vaccination</kwd><kwd>agent-based modeling</kwd><kwd>herd immunity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berche P. History of measles. 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