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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2026-25-3-141-159</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-2473</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молекулярно-генетический мониторинг клинических изолятов K. pneumoniae ST395 в Российской Федерации на основе данных полногеномного секвенирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molecular and genetic monitoring of clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae ST395 in the Russian Federation based on whole-genome sequencing data</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1048-5844</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дымент</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyment</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елизавета Аркадьевна Дымент – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярных механизмов антибиотикорезистентности</p><p>105275, Москва, пр-т Буденного, д. 31</p><p>+7 (915) 094-53-61</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta A. Dyment – Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Epidemiology</p><p>31, Prospect Budennogo, Moscow, 105275</p><p>+7 (915) 094-53-61</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dyment@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7409-077X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеленков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelenkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Александрович Шелеков – к. ф.-м. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярных механизмов антибиотикорезистентности</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Shelenkov – Cand. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Epidemiology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shelenkov@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6221-9743</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Викторовна Петрова – врач-бактериолог, заведующая микробиологической лабораторией</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila V. Petrova – doctor-bacteriologist, head of the microbiological laboratory</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrovalv@pirogov-center.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2900-1459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Замятин</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusarov</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виталий Геннадьевич Гусаров – к. м. н, заведующий отделением анестезиологии-реанимации (интенсивной терапии)</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitally G. Gusarov – Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gusarov1974@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2072-7798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусаров</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zamyatin</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Николаевич Замятин – д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой анестезиологии и реаниматологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail N. Zamyatin – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ZamyatinMN@pirogov-center.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8557-6540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sycheva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Владимировна Сычева – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Sycheva – researcher, laboratory of infections associated with the provision of medical care</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natsy@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2706-6689</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тутельян</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tutelyan</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Викторович Тутельян – член-корр. РАН, д. м. н., руководитель лаборатории инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksej V. Tutelyan – Corresponding Member of the RAS, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the laboratory of infections associated with the provision of medical care</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bio-tav@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5646-538X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Владимировна Михайлова – к. б. н., заведующая лабораторией молекулярных механизмов антибиотикорезистентности</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya V. Mikhailova – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head of Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Epidemiology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mihailova@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-9044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акимкин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akimkin</surname><given-names>V.G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Геннадьевич Акимкин – академик РАН, д. м. н., профессор, директор ФБУН ЦНИИ Эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily G. Akimkin –the RAS Academician, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director of Central Research Institute for Epidemiology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН ЦНИИ Эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FBIS Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМХЦ им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBI «Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>141</fpage><lpage>159</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дымент Е.А., Шеленков А.А., Петрова Л.В., Замятин М.Н., Гусаров В.Г., Сычева Н.В., Тутельян А.В., Михайлова Ю.В., Акимкин В.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дымент Е.А., Шеленков А.А., Петрова Л.В., Замятин М.Н., Гусаров В.Г., Сычева Н.В., Тутельян А.В., Михайлова Ю.В., Акимкин В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dyment E.A., Shelenkov A.A., Petrova L.V., Gusarov V.G., Zamyatin M.N., Sycheva N.V., Tutelyan A.V., Mikhailova Y.V., Akimkin V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2473">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/2473</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Генетические линии K. pneumoniae имеют глобальное распространение, характеризуются наличием и быстрым приобретением множества детерминант резистентности и факторов вирулентности, относятся к «эпидемическим клонам» или «клонам высокой патогенности». На сегодняшний день в Российской Федерации доминирующим эпидемическим клоном K. pneumoniae является ST395.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение генетического разнообразия штаммов K. pneumoniae, выделенных в стационарах разных регионов Российской Федерации, на основе анализа данных полногеномного секвенирования. Материалы и методы. Получены и проанализированы данные полногеномного секвенирования 162 бактериальных изолятов K. pneumoniae, выделенных в шести стационарах – медицинских учреждениях (МУ) Москвы, г. Барнаула и г. Оренбурга.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среди всех 162 образцов наиболее распространенной оказалась генетическая линия ST395 (62/162; 38 %), принадлежность к которой отмечалась во всех участвовавших в исследовании МУ. Все изученные изоляты K. pneumoniae характеризовались обширным репертуаром детерминант устойчивости, как минимум, к девяти группам антибактериальных препаратов: аминогликозидам, бета-лактамам (включая карбапенемы), фениколам, триметоприму, фосфомицину, макролидам, фторхинолонам, сульфонамидам и тетрациклинам. Существенная часть ST395-изолятов (77,7 %, 49/63) отличалась наличием трех и более различных генов бета-лактамаз, особый интерес среди которых представляла комбинация blaNDM с blaCTX и blaTEM. Согласно филогенетическому анализу, образцы из различных МУ сформировали несколько кластеров. Изоляты из стационаров Москвы и один образец из г. Барнаула относились к одному эпидемическому клону.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Несмотря на географическую удаленность, в МУ формируются штаммы, относящиеся к одному клону и, в некоторых случаях, имеющие практически идентичные геномы. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о необходимости определения принадлежности изолятов к эпидемическим клонам в целях более точной оценки их эпидемического потенциала.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Globally disseminated genetic lineages of Klebsiella pneumoniae characterized by the presence and rapid acquisition of multiple antimicrobial resistance determinants and virulence factors are known as epidemic clones or clonal groups of high risk. At present, sequence type ST395 represents the predominant epidemic clone of K. pneumoniae circulating in the Russian Federation.</p></sec><sec><title>Aims</title><p>Aims. To investigate the genetic diversity of K. pneumoniae strains isolated in hospitals from different regions of the Russian Federation using whole-genome sequencing data, with particular emphasis on the dominant epidemic clone ST395.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Whole-genome sequencing data from 162 clinical K. pneumoniae isolates collected in six medical institutions located in Moscow, Barnaul, and Orenburg were analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Among the 162 isolates examined, the most prevalent genetic lineage was ST395 (62/162; 38 %), which was detected in all participating hospitals. All analyzed K. pneumoniae isolates harbored a broad repertoire of genomic resistance determinants to at least nine classes of antibacterial agents, including aminoglycosides, beta-lactams (including carbapenems), phenicols, trimethoprim, fosfomycin, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines. A substantial proportion of ST395 isolates (77.7 %, 49/63) carried combinations of three or more distinct betalactamase genes, and the most interesting fact was the co-occurrence of blaNDM with blaCTX and blaTEM. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the formation of several clusters comprising isolates from different medical institutions. Isolates from one hospital in Moscow and one isolate from Barnaul were assigned to the same epidemic clone.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Genomically closely related, and in some cases apparently identical, strains were identified in geographically distant medical institutions. These findings underscore the importance of assigning isolates to epidemic clones, as such classification enables a more accurate assessment of their epidemic potential.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпидемические клоны</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетический мониторинг</kwd><kwd>полногеномное секвенирование</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>ST395</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>сlonal groups of high risk</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic monitoring</kwd><kwd>whole-genome sequencing</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>ST395</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоцерковский Б.З., Круглов А.Н., Ни О.Г. и др. Этиологическая структура инфекций у пациентов отделения реанимации хирургического профиля в постковидную эпоху. 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