<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2016-15-5-6-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-352</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиологические аспекты пневмококкового менингита в Российской Федерации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiological Aspects of Pneumococcal Meningitis in the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королева</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koroleva</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">irina-korol@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белошицкий</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beloshitsky</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koroleva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельникова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mel’Nikova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «ЦНИИ эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Institution of a Science «Central Research Institute of Epidemiology» Federal service on customers' rights protection and human well-being surveillance</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Королева И.С., Белошицкий Г.В., Королева М.А., Мельникова А.А., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Королева И.С., Белошицкий Г.В., Королева М.А., Мельникова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Koroleva I.S., Beloshitsky G.V., Koroleva M.A., Mel’Nikova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/352">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/352</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Пневмококковый менингит (ПМ) относится к тяжелейшим проявлениям пневмококковой инфекции с высокими показателями летальности и частыми постинфекционными осложнениями. В условиях внедрения вакцинации против пневмококковой инфекции в практику здравоохранения Российской Федерации возрастает необходимость пристального наблюдения за распространением ПМ в стране c выявлением неблагополучных территорий, определением групп риска и изучением серотипового пейзажа пневмококков, что является необходимым компонентом оценки эффективности вакцинации. Материалы и методы. Проведен эпидемиологический анализ 1380 случаев ПМ выявленных на территории Российской Федерации в 2010 - 2014 годах. Проанализированы показатели заболеваемости, смертности, летальности, возрастного распределения, социальной принадлежности больных ПМ как в целом по стране, так и в федеральных округах. Определена серотиповая принадлежность 35 штаммов пневмококка изолированных от больных ПМ на территории России в 2015 году. Результаты. Доля пневмококков в этиологической структуре гнойных бактериальных менингитов (ГБМ) в течение 2010 - 2014 годов колебалась в диапазоне 18,4 - 24,8% и в среднем составляла 22,1%, уступая только менингококкам (52,2%). Заболеваемость ПМ в Российской Федерации в 2010 - 2014 годах определялась на уровне 0,19 на 100 тыс. населения, при смертности 0,03 на 100 тыс. населения. Уровень летальности при пневмококковом менингите в стране в 2010 - 2014 годах возрос с 13 (2010 г.) до 21,1% (2014 г.), составив в среднем 17,1%. Наиболее уязвимыми возрастными группами были взрослые старше 25 лет и дети до 6 лет. Среди детей в возрасте до 6 лет летальность дотигала 10,7%. Изучение серотиповых свойств 35 штаммов пневмококка показало, что в 2015 году в серотиповой структуре инвазивных пневмококков сохранялось доминирование вакцинных серотипов, их доля составляла для ПКВ13 75% и для ПКВ10 - 54%. Выводы. Проблема пневмококкового менингита сохраняет свою актуальность на территории Российской Федерации. Активное использование вакцинных препаратов, в первую очередь среди детей позволит снизить уровень заболеваемости этой инфекцией и тяжесть ее последствий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Pneumococcal meningitis (PM) refers to severe manifestations of pneumococcal disease with high mortality and frequent post-infectious complications. In the context of the introduction of vaccination against pneumococcal infections in the Russian Federation healthcare practice increases the importance of close monitoring of the spread of the PM in the country, identifying areas of concern, the definition of risk and serotype structure of pneumococcus, which is an essential component of the assessment of the effectiveness of vaccination. Materials and methods. We collected 1380 cases identified by the PM on the territory of the Russian Federation in 2010 - 2014. We analyzed the incidence, mortality, mortality, age distribution, social belonging PM patients in the whole country, and in the federal districts. Determined serotype affiliation 35 pneumococcal strains isolated from patients with PM in Russia in 2015. Results. The proportion of pneumococci in the etiological structure of bacterial meningitis during the 2010 - 2014 fluctuated in the range of 18.4 - 24.8% and averaged 22.1%. The incidence of the PM in the Russian Federation in 2010 - 2014 determined at the level of 0.19, the death rate - 0.03. The level of mortality in pneumococcal meningitis in the Russian Federation in 2010 - 2014 increased from 13 (2010) to 21.1% (2014), the average was 17.1%. The most vulnerable age groups were adults over 25 years old and children up to 6 years. Among children under the age of 6 years mortality was 10.7%. The study of serotypes of 35 pneumococcal strains showed that in 2015 serotype structure of invasive pneumococcal vaccine serotypes maintained dominance, the proportion reached 75% for PCV13 and 54% for PCV10. Conclusion. The problem of pneumococcal meningitis remains valid in the Russian Federation. Active use of vaccines, especially in children, will reduce the incidence of this infection and the severity of its consequences.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пневмококковый менингит</kwd><kwd>эпидемиологический надзор</kwd><kwd>серотипы пневмококка</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal meningitis</kwd><kwd>epidemiological</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal meningitis</kwd><kwd>epidemiological</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ludwig E., Bonanni P., Rohde G., Sayiner A., Torres A. The remaining challenges of pneumococcal disease in adults. Eur Respir Rev. 2012; 21: 57 - 64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ludwig E., Bonanni P., Rohde G., Sayiner A., Torres A. The remaining challenges of pneumococcal disease in adults. Eur Respir Rev. 2012; 21: 57 – 64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Robinson K.A., Baughman W., Rothrock G., Barrett N.L., Fass M., Lexau C. et al. Epidemiology of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in the United States. 1995 - 1998: opportunities for prevention in the conjugate vaccine era. JAMA. 2001; 285: 1729 - 1735.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Robinson K.A., Baughman W., Rothrock G., Barrett N.L., Pass M., Lexau C. et al. Epidemiology of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in the United States. 1995 – 1998: opportunities for prevention in the conjugate vaccine era. JAMA. 2001; 285: 1729 – 1735.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Acute Bacterial Core Surveillance Report, Emerging Infections Program Network, Streptococcus pneumonia, 2011. 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2013; Acute Bacterial Core Surveillance Report, Emerging Infections Program Network, Streptococcus pneumonia, 2011. 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kyaw M.H., Christie P., Clarke S.C., Mooney J.D., Ahmed S., Jones I.G., et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease in Scotland, 1999 - 2001: use of record linkage to explore associations between patients and disease in relation to future vaccination policy. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2003; 37: 1283 - 1291.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kyaw M.H., Christie P., Clarke S.C., Mooney J.D., Ahmed S., Jones I.G., et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease in Scotland, 1999 – 2001: use of record linkage to explore associations between patients and disease in relation to future vaccination policy. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2003; 37: 1283 – 1291.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reinert R.R., Haupts S., van der Linden M., Heeg C., Cil M.Y., Al-Lahham A. et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease in adults in North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany, 2001 - 2003. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 2005; 11: 985 - 991.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reinert R.R., Haupts S., van der Linden M., Heeg C., Cil M.Y., Al-Lahham A. et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease in adults in North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany, 2001 – 2003. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 2005; 11: 985 – 991.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lynch J.P., Zhanel G.G. Streptococcus pneumonia: epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for prevention. Semin Respir Crit care Med. 2009; 30: 189 - 209.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lynch J.P., Zhanel G.G. Streptococcus pneumonia: epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for prevention. Semin Respir Crit care Med. 2009; 30: 189-209</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McIntosh E.D., Fritzell B., Fletcher M.A. Burden of paediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in Europe, 2005. Epidemiology and Infection. 2007;135 (4): 644 - 656.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McIntosh E.D., Fritzell B., Fletcher M.A. Burden of paediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in Europe, 2005. Epidemiology and Infection. 2007;135 (4): 644 – 656.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белошицкий Г.В., Королева И.С., Кошкина Н.И. Пневмококковые менингиты в Российской Федерации. Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика. 2009, 2 (45): 21 - 26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beloshitsky G.V., Koroleva I.S., Koschkina N. A. Pneumococcal meningitidis in Russian Federation. Jepidemiologija i Vakcinoprofilaktika. [Epidemiology and Vaccinal prevention]. 2009; 2 (45): 21 – 26 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuch A., Sadowy E., Skoczynska A., Hryniewicz W. First report of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6D isolates from invasive infections. Vaccine. 2010; 28: 6506 - 6407.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuch A., Sadowy E., Skoczynska A., Hryniewicz W. First report of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6D isolates from invasive infections. Vaccine. 2010; 28: 6506 – 6407.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Calix J.J., Nahm M.H. A new pneumococcal serotype, 11E, has a variably inactivated wcjE gene. J. Infect. Dis. 2010, 202 (1): 29 - 38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Calix J.J., Nahm M.H. A new pneumococcal serotype, 11E, has a variably inactivated wcjE gene. J. Infect. Dis. 2010, 202 (1): 29 – 38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Finland M., Barnes M.W. Changes in occurrence of capsular serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae at Boston Coty Hospital during selected years between 1935 and 1974. J. Clin. Microbiol.1977; 5: 154 - 166.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Finland M., Barnes M.W. Changes in occurrence of capsular serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae at Boston Coty Hospital during selected years between 1935 and 1974. J. Clin. Microbiol.1977; 5: 154 – 166.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hausdorff W.P., Bryant J., Paradiso P.R., Siber G.R. Which pneumococcal serogroups cause the most invasive disease: implications for conjugate vaccine formulation and use, part I. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2000; 30 (1): 100 - 121.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hausdorff W.P., Bryant J., Paradiso P.R., Siber G.R. Which pneumococcal serogroups cause the most invasive disease: implications for conjugate vaccine formulation and use, part I. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2000; 30 (1): 100 – 121.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сидоренко С.В., Лобзин Ю.В., Харит С.М., Королева И.С., Таточенко В.К. Пневмококковая инфекция и современные возможности ее профилактики -эпидемиологический обзор ситуации в мире и в России. Вопросы современной терапии 2010; 9 (1): 54 - 61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidorenko S.V., Lobzin J.V., Harith S.M., Queen I.S., Tatochenko V.K. Pneumococcal infection and modern possibilities of its prevention - an epidemiological review of the situation in the world and in Russia . Questions of  modern therapy. 2010; 9 (1): 54 – 61 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Galanis I., Lindstrang A., Darenberg J., Browall S., Nannapaneni P., Sjostrom K. et al. Effects of PCV7 and PCV13 on invasive pneumococcal dissease and carriage in Stockholm, Sweden. Eur. Respir. J. (in press).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galanis I., Lindstrang A., Darenberg J., Browall S., Nannapaneni P., Sjostrom K. et al. Effects of PCV7 and PCV13 on invasive pneumococcal dissease and carriage in Stockholm, Sweden. Eur. Respir. J. (in press).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lepoutre A., Varon E., Georges S., Dorleans F., Janoir C., Gutmann L. et al. Impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in France, 2001 - 2012. Vaccine. 2015; 33: 359 - 366.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lepoutre A., Varon E., Georges S., Dorleans F., Janoir C., Gutmann L. et al.. Impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in France, 2001 – 2012. Vaccine. 2015; 33: 359 – 366.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Metcalf B.J., Gertz R.E., Gladstone R.A., Walker H., Sherwood L.K., Jackson D. et al. Strain features and distributions in pneumococci from children with invasive disease before and after 13-valent conjugate vaccine implementation in the USA. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2016; 22 - 1: 9 - 29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Metcalf B.J., Gertz R.E., Gladstone R.A., Walker H., Sherwood L.K., Jackson D. et al. Strain features and distributions in pneumococci from children with invasive  disease before and after 13-valent conjugate vaccine implementation in the USA. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2016; 22 – 1: 9 – 29. 17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pneumonia hospitalizations among young children before and after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine - United States, 1997 - 2006. MMWR. 2009; 58 (1): 1 - 4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pneumonia hospitalizations among young children before and after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine – United States, 1997 – 2006. MMWR. 2009; 58 (1): 1 – 4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prez-Trallero E., Marim n J. M., Ercibengoa M., Vicente D., P rez-Yarza E. G. Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in children and older adults in the north of Spain before and after the introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2009; 28: 731 - 738.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prez-Trallero E., Marimón J. M., Ercibengoa M., Vicente D., Pérez-Yarza E. G. Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in children and older adults in the north of Spain before and after the introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2009; 28: 731 – 738.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приказ МЗ РФ №125н от 21.03.14 «О национальном календаре профилактических прививок и календаре профилактических прививок по эпидемиологическим показаниям».</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation from March 21, 2014 of No 125n «On approval of a national calendar of preventive vaccinations and the calendar of preventive vaccination on epidemic indications» (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белошицкий Г.В., Королева И.С. Серотиповая характеристика штаммов S. pneumoniae в Москве. Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика, 2014 ; 1 (74): 90 - 99.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beloshitsky G.V., Koroleva I.S. Serotype characteristic strains of S. pneumoniae in Moscow. Jepidemiologija i Vakcinoprofilaktika. [Epidemiology &amp; Vaccinal Prevention], 2014; 1 (74): 90 – 97 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белошицкий Г.В., Королева И.С., Королева М.А. Серотиповой пейзаж пневмококков выделенных при пневмококковом менингите в Российской Федерации. Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика, 2015, 2 (81): 19 - 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beloshitsky G.V., Koroleva I.S., Koroleva M.A. The serotypic landscape of pneumococci isolated on pneumococcal meningitis in the Russian Federation. [Epidemiology &amp; Vaccinal Prevention], 2015; 2 (81): 19 – 25 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Slotved H.C., Kaltoft M., Skovsted I.C., Kerrn M.B., Espersen F. Simple rapid latex agglutination test for serotyping of pneumococci (Pneumotest-Latex). J. Clin. Microbiol. 2004; 42 (6): 2518 - 2522.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Slotved H.C., Kaltoft M., Skovsted I.C., Kerrn M.B., Espersen F. Simple rapid latex agglutination test for serotyping of pneumococci (Pneumotest-Latex). J. Clin. Microbiol. 2004; 42 (6): 2518 – 2522.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
