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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2018-17-81-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-623</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиологическая оценка факторов риска репродуктивно значимой эндокринной и уроандрологической патологии у детей и подростков: результаты исследования «случай-контроль»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of Risk Factors for Reproductive Significant Disorders  in Children  and Adolescent:  a Case-Control Study results</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чиркина</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chirkina</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чиркина Татьяна Михайловна – аспирант кафедры эпидемиологии, паразитологии  и дезинфектологии.</p><p>Тел: +7 (953) 362-12-83.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana M. Chirkina – graduate student of departament of epidemiology.</p><p>Tel.: +7 (953)362-12-83.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatyana-chirkina@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Душенкова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dushenkova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Душенкова Татьяна  Анатольевна  – кандидат медицинских наук, старший  преподаватель кафедры общественного здоровья и управления здравоохранением.</p><p>Тел: +7 (921) 418-89-37.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Dushenkova – Cand. Sci. (Med.), assistant of the department of public health  and health  management.</p><p>Tel.: +7 (921) 418-89-37.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uzueva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асланов</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aslanov</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асланов Батырбек  Исмелович    –  доктор медицинских наук, профессор   кафедры эпидемиологии, паразитологии  и дезинфектологии.</p><p>Тел: +7 (921) 871-34-20.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Batyrbek I. Aslanov − Dr. Sci. (Med.), associate  professor, department of epidemiology.</p><p>Tel.: +7 (921) 871-34-20.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">batyra@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рищук</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rischuk</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рищук Сергей Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии имени С. Н. Давыдова.</p><p>Тел: +7 (911) 232-85-63.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Rischuk – Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, department of obstetrics  and gynecology  named  S. N. Davydova.</p><p>Tel.: +7 (911) 232-85-63.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.rishchuk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budget Institution of higher education «Northwestern  State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov» under the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чиркина Т.М., Душенкова Т.А., Асланов Б.И., Рищук С.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чиркина Т.М., Душенкова Т.А., Асланов Б.И., Рищук С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chirkina T.M., Dushenkova T.A., Aslanov B.I., Rischuk S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/623">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/623</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение.  В современный период отмечается рост эндокринных и уроандрологических  заболеваний  среди детей и подростков, оказывающих влияние на репродуктивный потенциал в будущем. К данной патологии относят ожирение, сахарный диабет, заболевания  щитовидной железы  (аутоимунный тиреоидит, гипотиреоз),  задержку  полового созревания, крипторхизм и варикоцеле. Несмотря на широкое разнообразие исследований, касающихся проблем бесплодия, в настоящее время данных о факторах риска репродуктивно  значимой патологии  недостаточно.  Цель.  Провести эпидемиологическую  оценку факторов  риска репродуктивно  значимой эндокринной и уроандрологической  патологии  у детей и подростков  Санкт-Петербурга. Материалы и методы.  Для проведения эпидемиологического  исследования  в период с 2015 по 2017 гг. был проведен анкетный опрос 1456 родителей детей и подростков. Результаты и обсуждение. В качестве фактора риска, связанного с состоянием здоровья ребенка, отмечается влияние вируса краснухи на развитие сахарного диабета у девочек (OR 2,7, ДИ 1,3–5,5). Среди факторов, связанных с состоянием здоровья  родителей,  обнаружено  влияние тиреодной  патологии  (2,7;  1,3–5,5),  ожирения  отца или матери (8,4; 2,5–27,7),  варикозного расширения вен матери (5,0; 1,8–14,0), а также сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний  отца (28,7; 3,4–237,6).   Выявлена взаимосвязь между инсулинонезависимым сахарным диабетом близких родственников (бабушки и дедушки) и ожирением (3,5; 1,8–6,8) и сахарным диабетом 1 типа (6,8; 3,8–12,7)  у мальчиков. Замечено, что токсикоз (2,5; 1,4–4,6), угроза прерывания беременности (2,8; 1.4–5,8), кровотечения (5,1; 3,2–1,9), выкидыши (3,3; 1,2–8,9), период между рождением детей менее 2 лет (2,7; 1,1–6,9), а также вес ребенка при рождении менее 2 кг (5,7; 1,2–26,5) или более 4 кг (5,1; 2,1–12,4) являются факторами риска репродуктивно значимой патологии. Существует взаимосвязь между искусственным питанием и развитием ожирения в группе мальчиков (6,5; 2,2–19,0).  Также в исследовании обнаружено  негативное влияние на ребенка курения (3,4; 1,6–7,3) и алкоголя  (2,1; 1,2–3,8).  Использование  подгузников в возрасте старше 1 года является фактором риска крипторхизма и варикоцеле (2,8; 1,4–5,6).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>High  incidence  of  endocrine  and  uroandrologic  disorders  among  children  and  adolescents  results  in  negative  reproductive potential in the future. These disorders include obesity, diabetes, thyroid disease (autoimmune thyroiditis, hypothyroidism), delayed puberty, cryptorchidism and varicocele. Despite a wide variety of studies on the problem of infertility, information about risk factors of reproductively significant pathology is currently of limited. Purpose. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the risk factors for reproductively  significant endocrine  and uroandrologic  diseases  in children and adolescents  in St. Petersburg.  Materials and methods. A questionnaire survey of 1 456 parents of children and adolescents was conducted during the period from 2015 to 2017. Results and discussion. It was found that a history of rubella was associated with diabetes mellitus in girls (OR 2.7, CI 1.3–5.5). Risk factors related to the parents’ health were thyroid pathology (2.7; 1.3-5.5), obesity (8.4; 2.5–27.7), varicose veins of mother (5.0; 1.8–14.0), cardiovascular diseases of father (28.7; 3.4–237.6). Insulin-independent diabetes mellitus of close relatives (grandparents) was associated with obesity (3.5; 1.8–6.8) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (6.8; 3.8–12.7) in boys. Toxicosis (2.5; 1.4–4.6), risk of pregnancy termination (2.8; 1.4–5.8), bleeding (5.1; 3.2–1.9), miscarriages (3.3; 1.2–8.9), birth of children less than 2 years apart (2.7; 1.1–6.9), birth weight less than 2 kg (5.7; 1.2–26.5)  or more than 4 kg (5.1; 2.1–12.4)  were found to be risk factors for reproductive significant diseases. There was a relationship between artificial nutrition and obesity in the group of boys (6.5; 2.2–19.0).  The study also revealed that smoking (3.4; 1.6–7.3) and alcohol (2.1; 1.2-3.8)  were risk factors. The use of diapers older than 1 year was a risk factor for cryptorchidism and varicocele (2.8; 1.4–5.6).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>репродуктивно значимая патология</kwd><kwd>репродуктивный риск</kwd><kwd>заболевания детей</kwd><kwd>здоровье ребенка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>reproductive important disorder</kwd><kwd>reproductive risk</kwd><kwd>children's diseases</kwd><kwd>children's health</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузьменко Е.Т. Клинико-эпидемиологические аспекты женского бесплодия (на примере Иркутской области): Автореф. дис. … канд. мед. наук. Иркутск; 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuz’menko ET. Clinico-epidemiological aspects of female infertility (on the example of the Irkutsk region): Doctorate of med. sci. diss. Irkutsk; 2008. 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