epidemiologyЭпидемиология и ВакцинопрофилактикаEpidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention2073-30462619-0494«Numicom» LLC10.31631/2073-3046-2019-18-6-98-108epidemiology-872Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWВакцинация против ВПЧ: теоретические аспекты и практические результаты профилактики рака шейки маткиVaccination against HPV: Theoretical Aspects and Practical Results of Cervical Cancer Preventionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-3950ЗароченцеваН. В.ZarochentsevaN. V.

Нина Викторовна Зароченцева – д. м. н., ведущий научный сотрудник 

101000, г. Москва, ул. Покровка, 22А, стр.12.

Nina V. Zarochentseva – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher of Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute

st. Pokrovka, 22A\12, Moscow, 101000.

ninazar@mail.ruТрушинаО. И.TrushinaO. I.

Ольга Ивановна Трушина – д. м. н., старший научный сотрудник гинекологического отделения отдела опухолей репродуктивных и мочевыводящих органов

125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд д.3.

+7 (495) 945-88-19

Olga I. Trushina – Dr. Sci. (Med.), senior fellow in Division of gynecologic tumors reproductive and urinary organs

125284 Moscow, 2nd Botkinsky passage 3.

o.trushina@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2768-5698НовиковаЕ. Г.NovikovaE. G

Елена Григорьевна Новикова – д. м. н., профессор, руководитель гинекологического отделения отдела опухолей репродуктивных и мочевыводящих органов

125284, г. Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд д.3.

+7 (495) 945-88-20

Elena G. Novikova – Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, head of Division of Gynecologic tumors Reproductive And Urinary Organs

125284 Moscow, 2nd Botkinsky passage 3.

+7 (495) 945-88-20

БарановИ. И.BaranovI. I.

Игорь Иванович Баранов – д. м. н., профессор, заведующий отделом научно-образовательных программ департамента организации научной деятельности

Москва

Igor I. Baranov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, Head of the Department of Scientific and Educational Programs of the Department of Organization of Scientific Activity 

Moscow

ЛопуховП. Д.LopukhovP. D.

Платон Дмитриевич Лопухов – к. м. н., ассистент кафедры эпидемиологии и доказательной медицины

119991, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, д.2, стр. 4

+7 (916) 103-15-34

Platon D. Lopukhov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), assistant of Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine

2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str., Moscow, 119991.

+7(916)103-15-34

PL2211@yandex.ruРовинскаяО. В.RovinskayaO. V.

Ольга Валериевна Ровинская – врач акушер-гинеколог

129301, Москва, ул. Касаткина, д. 7.

Olga V. Rovinskaya – obstetrician-gynecologist

gkb40@zdrav.mos.ruГБУЗ МО «Московский областной НИИ акушерства и гинекологии»РоссияState Budgetary Institution of Public Health «The Scientific Research Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Moscow Region»Russian FederationМНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава РоссииРоссияP. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research InstituteRussian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияNational Medical Research Center Obsterics, Gynecology and Perinatology the name of Academician V.I. KulakovRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian FederationГБУЗ «ГКБ № 40 ДЗМ», МоскваРоссияCity Clinical Hospital No. 40, MoscowRussian Federation20191601202018698108Copyright © Зароченцева Н.В., Трушина О.И., Новикова Е.Г., Баранов И.И., Лопухов П.Д., Ровинская О.В., 20202020Зароченцева Н.В., Трушина О.И., Новикова Е.Г., Баранов И.И., Лопухов П.Д., Ровинская О.В.Zarochentseva N.V., Trushina O.I., Novikova E.G., Baranov I.I., Lopukhov P.D., Rovinskaya O.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/872Актуальность

Актуальность. Рак шейки матки (РШМ) продолжает оставаться в центре внимания ведущих зарубежных и отечественных онкологов ввиду того, что заболеваемость им на протяжении последних десятилетий не имеет тенденции к снижению. Неуклонный рост заболеваемости, высокие показатели смертности, тенденция к «омоложению» болезни, сложности в выявлении заболевания на ранней стадии предопределяют поиск новых научно обоснованных подходов к решению проблемы РШМ. Перспективным направлением профилактики ассоциированного с вирусом папилломы человека (ВПЧ) плоскоклеточного рака и аденокарциномы является профилактическая вакцинация против ВПЧ, так как установлена ролью ВПЧ-инфекции в процессах канцерогенеза.

Целью данной работы является обобщение имеющихся на сегодняшний день эпидемиологических данных о РМШ, о роли ВПЧ-инфекции в развитии РМШ и о достижениях в профилактике предраковых поражений и рака шейки матки, в первую очередь посредством вакцинации против ВПЧ-инфекции.

Заключение

Заключение. Создание вакцин для профилактики типов ВПЧ, обладающих наибольшей онкогенностью, является значительным достижением биомедицинской научно-исследовательской области в целом. Успешная разработка группы вакцинных препаратов, которые можно с уверенностью назвать вакцинами XXI века, позволяет надеяться на то, что у современной медицины имеются возможности для снижения популяционного онкологического риска и уменьшения вероятности раннего возникновения РШМ. Демонстрация эффективности и целесообразности программ плановой вакцинации против ВПЧ в ряде стран свидетельствует о достигнутых обнадеживающих успехах в решении проблемы РШМ. Вакцинация против ВПЧ обеспечивает не только эпидемиологическое благополучие, но и приведет к снижению заболеваемости и смертности от такого грозного осложнения папилломавирусной инфекции как РШМ.

Relevance

Relevance. Cervical cancer (CC) continues to be the focus of attention of oncologists all over the world due to the fact that the incidence of it over the past decades has not tended to decrease. The steady increase in morbidity, high mortality rates, and the tendency to «rejuvenate» the disease, the relatively low detection rate of the early stages of the disease due to poor results of cytological screening predetermine the search for new scientifically based approaches to solving cervical cancer problems. A promising direction for the prevention of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) is prophylactic vaccination against HPV, the need for which is due to the role of HPV infection in carcinogenesis processes.

The aim of this article is to summarize the currently available data on advances in the prevention of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer, primarily through vaccination against HPV infection.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The creation of vaccines for the prevention of oncogenic HPV types is a significant achievement in the biomedical research area. The successful development of a group of vaccines, which can confidently be called the vaccines of the 21st century, gives us hope that modern medicine has the potential to reduce population cancer risk and reduce the likelihood of early onset of cervical cancer. Demonstration of the efficacy and feasibility of routine HPV vaccination programs in a number of countries demonstrates encouraging progress in solving cervical cancer problems. Vaccination against HPV will not only ensure epidemiological well-being, but also lead to a decrease in morbidity and mortality from such a terrible complication of human papillomavirus infection – cervical cancer.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.