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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">epidemiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3046</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Numicom» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31631/2073-3046-2020-19-2-13-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">epidemiology-977</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Коронавирус SARS-Cov-2: особенности структурных белков, контагиозность и возможные иммунные коллизии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Coronavirus SARS-Cov-2: the Characteristics of Structural Proteins, Contagiousness, and Possible Immune Collisions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харченко</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharchenko</surname><given-names>E. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Петрович Харченко – доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>194223, Санкт-Петербург, пр. Тореза, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eugene P. Kharchenko – Dr. Sci. (Biol.), leader researcher of I. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy Sciences.</p><p>194223, St. Petersburg, Toreza pr., 44</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neuro.children@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт эволюционной физиологиии и биохимии им. И. М. Сеченова» РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Харченко Е.П., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Харченко Е.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kharchenko E.Р.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/977">https://www.epidemvac.ru/jour/article/view/977</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Коронавирус SARS-Cov-2 является новым вирусом, обладающим способностью осуществлять трансмиссию воздушно-капельным путем, вызывая тяжелое течение атипичной пневмонии. Роль его структурных белков в патогенезе неизвестна.</p><p>Цель –охарактеризовать особенности структурных белков 2019-nCoV и их изменения в связи с возникновения у него других путей трансмиссии и проанализировать возможность возникновения при его инфицировании гетерологичного иммунного ответа.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для компьютерного анализа были использованы доступные в Интернете базы данных первичных структур генома и белков коронавирусов SARS-Cov-2 и SARS-CoV. Сравнивали аминокислотный состав их структурных белков S, M, E и N и их генетические коды, с помощью алгоритма BLAST сопоставляли их первичные последовательности Для выявления пептидного (иммуноэпитопного) родства S-белка с белками человека и вирусов был выполнен поиск гомологичных последовательностей в их белках.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среди структурных белков SARS-Cov-2 первичные последовательности белков M, E и N оказались консервативными. В субъединице S1 белка-S выявлены несколько крупных вставок, значительные изменения аминокислотного состава с преобладанием положительно заряженных аминокислот, что характерно для поверхностных белков вирусов, обладающих высокой контагиозностью. Субъединице S2 свойственна консервативность и сохранение отрицательной полярности. S-белку свойственно пептидное (иммуноэпитопное) родство со многими белками человека и вирусов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Особенности SARS-Cov-2 сопряжены со значительными изменениями в структуре S1 субъединицы его S-белка, которые потенциально могут быть ответственны за присущую вирусу высокую трансмиссивность и множество иммунных коллизий, отягощающих течение инфекционного процесса.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 is a novel virus demonstrating the ability to be trans¬mitted from human-to-human, via respiratory droplets or close contact, and cause the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The role of its structural proteins in the SARS pathogenesis is unknown.</p><p>Aim is to characterize the features of the SARS-Cov-2 structural proteins and their changes associated with acquiring other way of transmission and analyze the possibility of heterologous immunity emergence in its infection. Materials and method. For the computer analysis and alignment, the gene sequences of SARS-Cov-2 , SARS-CoV , MERS-CoV и bat CoV HKU3 reference strains were used from the Internet. From the primary structure of their genes it were translated their structural proteins: spike (S), envelope (E),membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N). The genetic code of structural proteins was also defined. The search of homologous sequences in the SARS-Cov-2 S-protein, surface proteins of other viruses, and human proteins was made to find immune epitope continuum of protein relationships.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the SARS-Cov-2 structural proteins amino acid sequences of M, E, and N-proteins are conservative. The S1 subunit of the S-protein contains some large insertions, significant changes of the amino acid content with the predominance of arginine and lysine which is typical for the surface glycoproteins in the viruses possessing high contagiousness. The S2 subunit is rather conservative and retain negative polarity. The S-protein exhibits the immune epitope relationships with many proteins of viruses and human which may be associated with immune collisions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: The SARSCov-2 features are determined by marked changes of the S1 subunit structure in the S-protein which may be responsible for its contagiousness and many immune collisions aggravating infection process.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коронавирус SARS-Cov-2</kwd><kwd>структурные белки</kwd><kwd>генетический код</kwd><kwd>трансмиссивность</kwd><kwd>иммунные коллизии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronavirus</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>structural proteins</kwd><kwd>genetic code contagiousness</kwd><kwd>and immune collisions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koonin E, Dolja V, Krupovic M. 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