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Vaccination in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Problems

https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-3-91-106

Abstract

Relevance. Infections are the most common complication of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). According to registry studies, infections are the cause of death in 10–20% of patients. The emergence of new therapies for CLL has led to a decrease in mortality due to CLL progression, while mortality from infections has remained constant in recent decades.

The aim of this literature review is to analyze the effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis in patients with CLL as well as predictors of vaccine inefficiency according to published data, to explore current guidelines.

Conclusions. The mechanisms of immune dysfunction in CLL are complex and associated with both the disease itself and the therapy. Numerous studies have shown that patients with CLL have an inadequate response to most vaccines given routinely in the general population. Vaccination in CLL patients remains a poorly developed topic. Additional clinical trials are needed to improve the effectiveness of vaccination in patients with CLL.

About the Authors

M. I. Kislova
National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Russian Federation

Maria I. Kislova – student of Sechenov University; karyology laboratory 

Moscow



A. A. Petrenko
Botkin City Clinical Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
Russian Federation

Andrei A. Petrenko – doctor; graduate student 

Moscow



M. P. Kostinov
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera
Russian Federation

Mikhail P. Kostinov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Head of the Laboratory of Vaccine Prophylaxis and Immunotherapy of Allergic Diseases, Professor of the Department of Epidemiology and Modern Technologies of Vaccination of Sechenov University. 

Moscow



E. A. Nikitin
Botkin City Clinical Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
Russian Federation

Eugene A. Nikitin  – Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, Head of  the day hospital of  hematology, oncology and chemotherapy of the city hematological center; Head of the Department of Hematology and Transfusiology 

Moscow



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Kislova M.I., Petrenko A.A., Kostinov M.P., Nikitin E.A. Vaccination in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Problems. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2021;20(3):91-106. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-3-91-106

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