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Clinical and Epidemiological Assessment of the Epidemic Process of COVID-19 in Hostels Depending on the Type of their Planning Device

https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-4-40-47

Abstract

Relevance. During the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), the organized collectives of Moscow, living in public housing organizations (dormitories) with different planning arrangements, were one of the most vulnerable groups of the population prone to focal morbidity.

The purpose of the study. To conduct a comparative clinical and epidemiological assessment of the epidemic process of COVID-19 in dormitories, depending on the type of their planning device.

Materials and methods. In the period from 12.04 to 23.06.2020, a selective longitudinal prospective analytical study of the course of the epidemic process was conducted in the foci of COVID-19, formed dormitories of different types of planning devices with a total number of 3,228 patients. For statistical processing of the results, one-factor analysis of variance and correlation analysis using the Cheddock scale were used. We used the following programs: IBM SPSS Statistics V. 23. 0, Analysis ToolPak Excel.

Results and discussion. The planning arrangement of buildings for public accommodation was a fundamental factor influencing the course of the COVID-19 epidemic process in dormitories. The epidemic process in the dormitories of the reported type had an earlier development, the first foci of COVID-19 began to form already on 12.04.2020, which was 7 days ahead of the formation of foci in isolated dormitories. The average growth rate in the dormitories of the reported type was equal to 8.4%, which was 5.3 times higher than the corresponding indicator in the dormitories of the isolated type. The infection rate (Rt), indicating the intensity of the spread of the infectious process, was 1.5 times higher in the dormitories of the reported type. In the studied period of time from 12.04.2020 to 23.06.2020, the number of infected COVID-19 in the dormitories of the isolated type was significantly less than in the dormitories of the reported type: there were 4 cases of infection per 100 guests of the dormitories of the isolated type, while in the reported dormitories there were 10 cases of COVID-19 per 100 residents. The contagiousness of the virus in combination with a long course of focal morbidity led to the development of severe forms of COVID-19. The coefficient of occurrence of severe forms of COVID-19 on average in isolated dormitories was equal to 1.1%, while in dormitories of the reported type, the studied coefficient was 11 times higher and averaged 11.6%.

Conclusion. The type of planning arrangement of collective living organizations was a fundamental factor influencing the course of the COVID-19 epidemic process in hostels. The complex of necessary anti-epidemic measures aimed at localizing and eliminating the outbreak of COVID-19 directly depended on this factor.

About the Authors

A. V. Zadoroshnyy
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology
Russian Federation

Zadoroshnyy Alexander V., Resident

kv. 39, 31, Zhulebinsky Boulevard, Moscow, 109431, Russia

+7 (929) 659-01-51



N. Yu. Pshenichnaya
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology
Russian Federation

Natalia Yu. Pshenichnaya – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy Director on Clinical and Analytical Work

Moscow



S. V. Ugleva
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology
Russian Federation

Svetlana V. Ugleva – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Docent, Consultant of the Organizational and Methodological Department

Moscow



A. A. Erovichenkov
Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immunobiological Drugs named after M. P. Chumakov; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education
Russian Federation

Alexander A. Erovichenkov – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Leading Researcher; Professor of Department of Infectious Diseases

Moscow



V. G. Akimkin
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology
Russian Federation

Vasiliy G. Akimkin – Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director

Moscow



V. V. Maleev
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology
Russian Federation

Viktor V. Maleyev – Academician of the of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Expert Advisor of Director

Moscow



D. V. Usenko
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology
Russian Federation

Denis V. Usenko – Scientific Regalidoctor of Medical Sciences, Leading researcher
of the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology

Moscow



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For citations:


Zadoroshnyy A.V., Pshenichnaya N.Yu., Ugleva S.V., Erovichenkov A.A., Akimkin V.G., Maleev V.V., Usenko D.V. Clinical and Epidemiological Assessment of the Epidemic Process of COVID-19 in Hostels Depending on the Type of their Planning Device. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2021;20(4):40-47. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-4-40-47

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ISSN 2073-3046 (Print)
ISSN 2619-0494 (Online)