Influence of Specific Leptospirosis Prevention to Epidemic Process
https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2019-88-95
Abstract
Aim of the study was to investigate the features of vaccine prevention of leptospirosis and its influence on morbidity.
Materials and methods. The incidence of human leptospirosis in the Russian Federation in 1956–2016, 41 cases of disease in Siberia and the Far East in 2012–2016, official Rossel'khoznadzor data, volumes of laboratory studies and vaccination of animals in Primorsk Territory and Irkutsk Region were analyzed. Blood sera from 7315 humans, 2189 dogs, 481 bovine animals and 50 small cattle, 115 pigs, 88 horses were investigated to pathogenic Leptospira antibodies.
Results. Essential significance of vaccinal leptospiroses prevention in farm animals and dogs to decrease the epizootic and epidemic process activities is demonstrated. Currently, the epidemic process in Siberia and at the Far East includes only sporadic cases, the immune stratum of the population is 3,7 ± 0,2%. Postvaccinal antibody titres in dogs, pigs and small cattle rarely exceed 1:100 while in bovine animals and horses it can reach 1:800 without disease signs.
Conclusion. Human immunization in the antropurgic foci is impractical at effective specific prophylaxis for animals. The standard base for leptospiroses requires improvement. The concept of absolute and relative diagnostic antibody titer in microagglutination test is offered to use in clinical diagnostics. In veterinary the correction of diagnostic titer depending on the animal species and vaccination time is necessary.
About the Authors
N. V. Breneva
Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Rospotrebnadzor, Irkutsk
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalia V. Breneva – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Leading research assistant, Epidemiology Department,
664047, Irkutsk, Trilissera str., 78. +7(3952)-22-01-43
V. M. Korzun
Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Rospotrebnadzor, Irkutsk
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vladimir M. Korzun – Doct. Sci. (Biol.), Head of the Zoological parasitological Department
664047, Irkutsk, Trilissera str., 78. +7(3952)-22-01-35
I. V. Meltsov
Veterinary Service in Irkutsk Region, Irkutsk
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ivan V. Meltsov – Cand. Sci. (Vet.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department for the organization of anti-epidemic measures, medical and laboratory work, Chief State
664007, Irkutsk, Krasnokazach’ya str., 10. +7 (3952)-25-23-69
A. A. Umanets
State Veterinary Inspectorate of Primorsk Territory, Vladivostok
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anna A. Umanets – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Deputy Head, Head of the Department of Antiepizootic Activities
690007, Vladivostok, Morskaya 1 str., 2. +7 (4232)-41-46-19
D. Yu. Cusin
State Veterinary Inspectorate of Primorsk Territory, Vladivostok
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dmitriy Yu. Cusin – Head of the State Veterinary Inspectorate of Primorsk Territory, Chief S
690007, Vladivostok, Morskaya 1 str., 2. +7(4232)-41-46-19
Yu. S. Musatov
Khabarovsk Antiplague Station of Rospotrebnadzor, Khabarovsk
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yuriy S. Musatov – Head of the Bacteriological Laboratory,
680031, Khabarovsk, Sanitarnyy lane, 7; +7 (4212)-33-46-25
Т. V. Gromova
Khabarovsk Antiplague Station of Rospotrebnadzor, Khabarovsk
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Тatyana V. Gromova – Head of the Epidemiology Department,
680031, Khabarovsk, Sanitarnyy lane, 7. +7 (4212)-33-46-25
А. V. Allenov
Primorsk Antiplague Station of Rospotrebnadzor, Ussuriysk
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Аlexandr V. Allenov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Head
692512, Ussuriysk, Dzerzhinskogo str., 46, +7 (42343)-4-30-85
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Review
For citations:
Breneva N.V., Korzun V.M., Meltsov I.V., Umanets A.A., Cusin D.Yu., Musatov Yu.S., Gromova Т.V., Allenov А.V. Influence of Specific Leptospirosis Prevention to Epidemic Process. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2019;18(1):88-95. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2019-88-95
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