Comparative Assessment of Preventable Socioeconomic Damage in Different Approaches to the Prevention of Vaccine-Controlled Infections in the Framework of the National Vaccination Schedule

Relevance.The strategy for the development of vaccine prevention in the Russian Federation among other areas involves improving the National schedule of preventive vaccinations and ensuring its flexibility, taking into account the current epidemic situation and the emergence of new vaccines.

Goal: to Assess the socio-economic damage from five vaccine-controlled infections in different vaccine prevention scenarios.

Materials and methods: a simulated retrospective model was constructed with a time horizon of 3 years (2016-2018), which assumes an assessment of changes in lost/ saved years of life including in monetary terms in the context of differentiated disease outcomes and vaccine costs under different scenarios of vaccination coverage and the vaccine prevention algorithm.

Results: if the established algorithm is maintained and the age cohort of children under 2 years of age is covered by vaccination, the annual loss of years of life will remain at a high level. Extending the five-component vaccine coverage to 60% of children in the 3-to 18-month age group will reduce losses to 20,215 years, saving 10,263 years of life (33.7% more than the current algorithm), and even more if coverage is close to 100%: annual losses will decrease to 2,134 years, which can provide 28,344 saved years of life (93% more than the current algorithm). The study showed that the more widely the combined pentavalent vaccine is used, the lower the average cost of saving each additional year of life.

Conclusions. Expanding the coverage of a combination vaccine provides the greatest additional benefits due to a faster increase in the number of saved years of life (benefits) compared to the increase in costs (cost of vaccines).

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