Preview

Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention

Advanced search

Pertussis in Children: Clinical and Epidemiological Features, the Possibilities of Vaccine Preventio

https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-6-56-62

Abstract

Relevance. Despite the specific immunization carried out, pertussis still has great medical and social significance for pediatricians, since it continues to remain a common bacterial infection, involving children of different age groups in the epidemic process. The lack of persistent immunity to whooping cough, combined with a high susceptibility index, contributes to an increase in the incidence among schoolchildren and adolescents, who are diagnosed only during epidemiological and laboratory examinations, and who, in most cases, serve as sources of infection for young children. Aim. To study the clinical and epidemiological features of whooping cough in children aged 0 to 14 years hospitalized in an infectious diseases hospital under conditions of mass vaccine prevention, as well as to identify the features of the disease in vaccinated people using the example of an outbreak of the disease in an organized group. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 164 case histories of children diagnosed with Pertussis hospitalized in the infectious hospital of the Regional Interdistrict Children’s Clinical Hospital № 1 in Krasnoyarsk in 2015–2019, as well as 25 outpatient records of patients identified during the epidemiological investigation of the focus of infection in December 2019 was carried out. For the etiological interpretation of the diagnosis of whooping cough, a comprehensive laboratory examination was carried out using bacteriological, serological and molecular genetic research methods. Results. According to official statistics, in the Krasnoyarsk territory in 2019, among children with pertussis, patients aged 7 to 17 prevailed (38,7%). At the same time, in the age structure of patients hospitalized in a hospital, the primary importance was occupied by children of the first year of life, unvaccinated against this disease. Most of them were diagnosed with a moderate form of the disease with frequent development of complications from the respiratory and nervous systems. At the same time, among schoolchildren and adolescents, as a rule, who have received a completed course of vaccination, there is an atypical, erased course of the disease, while the difficulties of its diagnosis lead to a high incidence of pertussis in children of the first year of life who have not yet been protected by vaccination. Conclusions. Despite the high coverage of decreed groups with preventive vaccinations against whooping cough in the Krasnoyarsk territory, an assessment of the state of specific immunity based on the results of a serological survey conducted in 2019 revealed 50.6% of seronegative individuals already at the age of 3–4 years, which confirms the need to improve the schemes immunization against this disease; and inclusion of pertussis vaccination in the regional immunization schedule.

About the Authors

Y. A. Bogvilenе
Professor V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation

Yana A. Bogvilene  – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

660022, Krasnoyarsk, st. Partisan Zheleznyak, 1 
Tel. +7 (391) 224-32-95, +7 (902) 924-96- 22



G. P. Martynova
Professor V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation

Galina P. Martynova  – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honored Worker of the Higher School of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

660022, Krasnoyarsk, st. Partisan Zheleznyak, 1
Tel. +7  (391) 224-32-95, +7  (913) 534-85-27



S. V. Evreimova
Regional Interdistrict Children’s Clinical Hospital № 1
Russian Federation

Svetlana V. Evreimova – infectious Disease Physician

660014, Krasnoyarsk, Telmana st., 49   
Tel. +7 (391) 224-32-79, +7 (902) 924 42 92



B. L. Komarova
Regional Interdistrict Children’s Clinical Hospital № 1
Russian Federation

Bronislava L. Komarova – Head of the Department of Airborne Infections

660014, Krasnoyarsk, Telmana st., 49  
Tel. +7 (391) 224-32-79, +7 (923) 326 32 25



A. V. Karasev
Regional Interdistrict Children’s Clinical Hospital № 1
Russian Federation

Aleksandr V. Karasev – Head of the Infectious Disease In-Patient

660014, Krasnoyarsk, Telmana st., 49  
Tel. +7 (391) 224-33-15, +7 (904) 895-17- 02



References

1. Chuprinina RP, Ozeretskovsky NA, Alekseeva IA. Immunoprophylaxis and Pertussis Morbidity. Present and Future. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2014;6(79):89–99 (In Russ.).

2. Tatochenko VK. Pertussis — infection not under complete control. Current Pediatrics. 2014;13(2):78–82 (In Russ.). doi:10.15690/vsp.v13i2.975

3. Babachenko IV. Kokljush u detej. Moscow: Kommentarij; 2014 (In Russ.).

4. Medkova AYu, Alyapkina YuS, Sinyashina LN, et al. The Prevalence of Subclinical Forms of Pertussis and Analysis of Phase States of Bacteria Bordetella pertussis. Children infections. 2010;9(4):19–22 (In Russ.).

5. Basov AA, Tsvirkun OV, Gerasimova AG, et al. The problem of pertussis in some regions of the world. Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity. 2019;9(2):354–362 (In Russ.). doi:10.15789/2220-7619-2019-2-354-362

6. Nesterova YuV, Orlov AV, Babachenko IV. Hyperreactivity of the bronchi in children, whooping cough convalescents. Journal Infectology. 2020;12(4):51–57 (In Russ.). doi:10.22625/2072-6732-2020-12-4-51-57

7. Bakhmutskaya EV, Mindlina AY, Stepenko AV. Pertussis – Morbidity, Immunization Tactics and Diagnostic Methods in Various European Countries. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2018;17(2):71–82 (In Russ.). doi:10.31631/2073-3046-2018-17-2-71-82

8. Stepenko A.V., Mindlina A.Y. Current epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in the Russian Federation. Journal Infectology. 2020;12(2):142–150 (In Russ.). doi:10.22625/2072-6732-2020-12-2-142-150

9. Clark TA. Changing pertussis epidemiology: everything old is new again. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2014;209(7):978–981. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiu001

10. Mooi FR, Van Der Maas NA, De Melker HE. Pertussis resurgence: waning immunity and pathogen adaptation – two sides of the same coin. Epidemiology and infection. 2014;142(4):685–694. doi:10.1017/S0950268813000071

11. Subbotina KA, Feldblium IV, Kochergina EA, et al. Epidemiological Rationale for Changing the Strategy and Tactics of Vaccination of Pertussis in Current Conditions. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2019;18(2):27–33 (In Russ.). doi:10.31631/2073-3046-2019-18-2-27-33

12. O sostojanii sanitarno-jepidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchija naselenija v Rossijskoj Federacii v 2015 godu: Gosudarstvennyj doklad. Moscow: Federal’naja sluzhba po nadzoru v sfere zashhity prav potrebitelej i blagopoluchija cheloveka; 2016 (In Russ.).

13. O sostojanii sanitarno-jepidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchija naselenija v Rossijskoj Federacii v 2019 godu: Gosudarstvennyj doklad. Moscow: Federal’naja sluzhba po nadzoru v sfere zashhity prav potrebitelej i blagopoluchija cheloveka; 2020 (In Russ.).

14. O sostojanii sanitarno-jepidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchija naselenija v Krasnojarskom krae v 2015 godu: Gosudarstvennyj doklad. Krasnojarsk: Upravlenie Federal’noj sluzhby po nadzoru v sfere zashhity prav potrebitelej i blagopoluchija cheloveka po Krasnojarskomu kraju; 2016 (In Russ.).

15. O sostojanii sanitarno-jepidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchija naselenija v Krasnojarskom krae v 2019 godu: Gosudarstvennyj doklad. Krasnojarsk: Upravlenie Federal’noj sluzhby po nadzoru v sfere zashhity prav potrebitelej i blagopoluchija cheloveka po Krasnojarskomu kraju; 2020 (In Russ.).


Review

For citations:


Bogvilenе Y.A., Martynova G.P., Evreimova S.V., Komarova B.L., Karasev A.V. Pertussis in Children: Clinical and Epidemiological Features, the Possibilities of Vaccine Preventio. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2021;20(6):56-62. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-6-56-62

Views: 1245


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2073-3046 (Print)
ISSN 2619-0494 (Online)