Острые респираторные инфекции у детей в период пандемии COVID-19

Актуальность. Острые респираторные инфекции являются ведущей причиной заболеваемости и смертности детей во всем мире. Пандемия COVID-19 существенно повлияла на циркуляцию других респираторных вирусов. Понимание взаимодействия SARS-CoV-2 с другими респираторными патогенами важно для прогнозирования тяжести течения заболевания, усовершенствования методов диагностики и лечения, а также для разработки эффективных стратегий профилактики.

Цель. Проанализировать опубликованные научные данные, касающиеся циркуляции респираторных вирусов на разных этапах пандемии COVID-19 и особенности вирусных и бактериальных коинфекций у детей, а также оценить их влияние на течение заболевания.

Выводы. Пандемия COVID-19 на начальном этапе привела к снижению заболеваемости, вызываемой другими респираторными вирусами, с последующим быстрым восстановлением их циркуляции после отмены ограничительных мер. У детей COVID-19 протекает легче, чем у взрослых, с высокой долей бессимптомных форм. Ко-инфицирование SARS-CoV-2 с другими респираторными вирусами более характерно для детей младшего возраста и не приводит к значительному увеличению тяжести течения заболевания. Вторичные бактериальные инфекции у детей с COVID-19 существенно повышают риск тяжелого течения заболевания.

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